{"id":379158,"date":"2025-12-31T04:38:22","date_gmt":"2025-12-31T04:38:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/379158\/"},"modified":"2025-12-31T04:38:22","modified_gmt":"2025-12-31T04:38:22","slug":"suzanne-spellens-2025-tales-of-brooklyn-history-and-design","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/379158\/","title":{"rendered":"Suzanne Spellen’s 2025 Tales of Brooklyn History and Design"},"content":{"rendered":"

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A bird\u2019s-eye view of Brooklyn by C.R. Parsons published by Currier & Ives in 1879. Image via Library of Congress<\/a><\/p>\n

Historian, preservationist, and longtime Brownstoner columnist Suzanne Spellen penned a bevy of captivating tales of Brooklyn\u2019s history and architecture this year. If you missed her 2025 monthly columns or her features in the Brownstoner broadsheet, we\u2019ve rounded them up for some winter reading below.<\/p>\n

\"steppedA townhouse at 181 St. James Place in Clinton Hill was built by the Morris Building Company. Photo by Susan De Vries<\/p>\n

How Charles Pratt\u2019s Morris Building Company Beautified Brooklyn<\/a><\/p>\n

A side project of the richest man in Brooklyn in the 19th century, the Morris Building Company developed some of the borough\u2019s most artistic and important buildings. Notable examples include English Arts and Crafts-style row houses, worker housing ahead of its time, and most of the original Pratt Institute buildings. At turns whimsical and utopian, with quality always foremost, the designs were the fruit of longtime partnerships with some of the most talented architects of the day.<\/p>\n

\"brooklynBrooklyn Borough Hall in June of 2023. Photo by Susan De Vries<\/p>\n

City Pride: The Making of Brooklyn Borough Hall<\/a><\/p>\n

From modest beginnings, the building we know today as Brooklyn Borough Hall is the result of years of struggle \u2014 and narrowly avoiding demolition as the world around it changed.<\/p>\n

Most municipalities have one building that is the headquarters for that municipality\u2019s government. Whether you have a mayor or town supervisor or some other official in charge, well, that\u2019s where they hang their hat. Some cities and towns have impressive 18th and 19th century city halls designed by important local architects, while others have more modest and utilitarian buildings or spaces.<\/p>\n

\"brooklynThe Brooklyn Museum in 2021. Photo by Susan De Vries<\/p>\n

How Brooklyn\u2019s First Free Library Became the Brooklyn Museum<\/a><\/p>\n

Many of the great museums of the world started out as the private collections of very wealthy people. New York\u2019s Guggenheim, the Frick, the Morgan Library and London\u2019s Tate Modern are examples, to name just a few. Manhattan\u2019s Metropolitan Museum of Art was the brainchild of a group of wealthy Americans meeting in Paris in 1866. They wanted to establish \u201ca national institution and gallery of art.\u201d They came back to New York and incorporated in 1870. The Met was always meant to be a public museum and was first housed in a building on 5th Avenue near 54th Street. Brooklyn\u2019s great museum had a very different origin. The Brooklyn Museum began as a small library.<\/p>\n

\"crownPhoto by Susan De Vries<\/p>\n

George and Susan Elkins, Their House, and the Really Big Meadow<\/a><\/p>\n

Imagine Central Brooklyn as it looked in the decades before the Civil War. The neighborhoods we call Bedford Stuyvesant and Crown Heights North were part of the town of Bedford. Most of it belonged to various members of the Lefferts family, whose family seat at today\u2019s Fulton Street and Arlington Place was smack in the middle of the crossroads making up the village of Bedford Corners.<\/p>\n

Brooklyn, which included Bedford, was incorporated as a city in 1834, and the street grid was laid out by 1839. The grid was aspirational, extending far past what was already a growing city, through hill and dale, farms, and woodlands that wouldn\u2019t be urbanized until 50 or more years later.<\/p>\n

\"AA bird\u2019s-eye view of Brooklyn by C.R. Parsons published by Currier & Ives in 1879. Image via Library of Congress<\/a><\/p>\n

The Walled City: Brooklyn Heights\u2019 East River Warehouses<\/a><\/p>\n

The topography of the shoreline along the East River was perfect for the creation of piers and wharves. The harbor and the river are deep and wide enough to accommodate large vessels. As the Manhattan side filled up, Brooklyn offered even more and better opportunities for shipping, as well as manufacturing.<\/p>\n

Thanks in great part to the opening of the Erie Canal in 1825, by mid-century, the shoreline from Williamsburg to Red Hook was full of ships loading and unloading goods. Shipping became Brooklyn\u2019s largest industry. Merchants, factories, and shippers flourished along the river, producing and shipping everything from sugar to benzine. The merchandise being shipped in and out had to be stored somewhere, hence the need for \u201cstores,\u201d or warehouses.<\/p>\n

\"InIn Bed Stuy, scrolls and wheels demarcate a bedroom and pass-through. Photo by Susan De Vries.<\/p>\n

The Story of Fretwork<\/a><\/p>\n

The architecture and decorative arts of the late 19th century were greatly influenced by the Aesthetic Movement, which began in the 1870s. It was the beginning of an age of ornament and beauty for beauty\u2019s sake that was constantly added to and modified until the end of the Art Deco period.<\/p>\n

\"WorkersWorkers at the Pirika Chocolate Plant in Crown Heights in 1918. Photo via National Archives<\/a><\/p>\n

The Sweet Life: A History of Candy Making in Brooklyn<\/a><\/p>\n

Sweets have been with us almost since the dawn of time. Mankind long ago figured out that honey, as well as various plants, saps, and leaves were pleasing to the palate, and when ingested or chewed, tasted good and could confer energy, calm nerves, and even heal. We just love the taste of sweetness, especially as children, and as a special treat. It\u2019s in the genes!<\/p>\n

\"aAn entrance at the Clinton Hill Co-ops today. Photo by Susan De Vries<\/p>\n

From Mansions to Housing for Navy Yard Workers: The Clinton Hill Co-ops Story<\/a><\/p>\n

Thanks to Charles Pratt, the wealthiest man in Brooklyn, Clinton Avenue became a Gold Coast of mansions in the 19th century, but a housing shortage and changing tastes decades later saw many adapted for nonprofit use or razed for apartment buildings. One of the most notable complexes on the avenue today, the Clinton Hill Co-ops, was built during World War II as rentals for members of the armed forces or war-plant workers and their families.<\/p>\n

\"blackAtlantic Avenue and Fort Greene Place circa 1897. Image from Report of the Atlantic Avenue Commission via Library of Congress<\/a><\/p>\n

Living on Atlantic Avenue, the \u2018Spine of Central Brooklyn\u2019<\/a><\/p>\n

People have lived on Brooklyn\u2019s Atlantic Avenue almost as long as there has been an Atlantic Avenue. It started out as a path leading to early settler Ralph Patchen\u2019s farm and then became a road to the East River. Part of it became known as Division Street, as it was the informal border between the town of Brooklyn and South Brooklyn, which included today\u2019s Red Hook, Cobble Hill and Carroll Gardens neighborhoods. The thoroughfare continued to agrarian Queens and was a vital part of Brooklyn\u2019s growth, as goods and produce made their way to the harbor.<\/p>\n

\"anAn illustration of a \u201cnook of solid comfort\u201d in a 1908 wallpaper catalog. Image from Home Decoration by Alfred Peats Prize Wallpapers via HathiTrust<\/a><\/p>\n

What Was the Turkish Corner?<\/a><\/p>\n

In the latter part of the 19th century, when ladies and gentlemen of the upper classes visited friends and social acquaintances, they might be introduced to a special parlor room or corner of a room that was resplendent with a multitude of throw pillows, overlapping carpets, lanterns, and other furniture and accoutrements from the then exotic-seeming lands of the Near East. Today, we might think of these as \u201cBohemian style,\u201d which happens to be quite popular now, but the Victorians called those spaces \u201cTurkish rooms\u201d and \u201cTurkish corners.\u201d Anyone who was up on the latest interior fashions had one.<\/p>\n

\"cornerThe corner of Fulton Street and Smith Street in Downtown Brooklyn was once home to a concert garden. Photo by Susan De Vries<\/p>\n

Music, Beer, and Cigars: A Concert Garden Comes to Brooklyn<\/a><\/p>\n

The popular American concert gardens of the post-Civil War years owe their creation to the German beer garden and the English music hall. The music hall influence comes a bit later in our story. But first, Germany\u2019s civil war between the different city-states was the impetus for thousands of Germans leaving and settling in the United States beginning in 1848. These immigrants came from every stratum of German society, and included manufacturers, merchants, and professional people.<\/p>\n

\"goldInstalled in 1884, painted and gilded Lincrusta designed by Christopher Dresser decorated the frieze in the Rockefeller mansion dining room in Manhattan. Photo via Cooper Hewitt<\/a>, Smithsonian Design Museum<\/p>\n

How the Victorians Brought Texture and Pattern to Walls<\/a><\/p>\n

The Industrial Revolution brought with it great advances in printing, which helped make different grades of wallpaper affordable to almost everyone. Taking their cues from fabric printing, manufacturers began machine printing paper by passing it through a series of ink-fed rollers that transferred the patterns to the paper. The printing presses were powered by steam and could produce heretofore unheard-of feet of wallpaper quickly.<\/p>\n

\"aThe Schwarzmann house at St. Marks and Nostrand avenues in 1913. Photo via Brooklyn Daily Eagle photographs, Brooklyn Public Library, Center for Brooklyn History<\/a><\/p>\n

The Big Mansion on the Corner: Crown Heights\u2019 Schwarzmann House<\/a><\/p>\n

Running a successful and high-stakes business like the humor and satire magazine Puck in a huge new building must have been stressful. What a pleasure it must have been for Adolph Schwarzmann to come home to his spacious home in Bedford. The house at 691 St. Marks Avenue in what is now Crown Heights was built for William Taylor \u2014 the actual date is unknown but, going by the style, sometime in the late 1860s or early 1870s. His widow, Sarah, sold the house to Adolph Schwarzmann in 1880.<\/p>\n

\"collageClockwise from left: A Bed Stuy butler\u2019s pantry. Photo by Susan De Vries. A plan for a pantry built-in. Image from Shoppell\u2019s Modern Houses via Internet Archive.<\/a> A Prospect Lefferts Gardens dining room. Photo by Susan De Vries. A butler\u2019s pantry sink. Photo by Cervin Robinson for HABS <\/a>via Library of Congress<\/a><\/p>\n

All We Need Now Is the Butler<\/a><\/p>\n

If you are a fan of the cinematic world of wealthy Gilded Age people on both sides of the Atlantic Ocean, or if you enjoy meandering around 19th century mansion house museums, then at some point you must have seen a room off the kitchen or the dining room where servants picked up trays or put prepared food on plates to take out to the table.<\/p>\n

\"blackAn illustration of shoppers in A&S in Downtown Brooklyn published in 1892. Image from Pictorial New York and Brooklyn via Library of Congress<\/a><\/p>\n

Downtown Brooklyn\u2019s Forgotten Emporium<\/a><\/p>\n

There was a time when Downtown Brooklyn\u2019s shopping district had anything and everything one would need for holiday giving, and just plain old year-round shopping. By the end of the 19th century, the area between Adams Street and Flatbush Avenue and its side streets were packed with shops large and small, theaters, restaurants, banks, and social amenities such the YMCA. There was nowhere in Manhattan or any other part of New York City that had this many stores and entertainment venues contained in one small area. Not 5th avenue or 34th Street.<\/p>\n

Related Stories<\/p>\n

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