BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA<\/p>\n
A PROCLAMATION<\/p>\n
1.\u00a0 On October 24, 2025, the Secretary of Commerce (Secretary) transmitted to me a report on his investigation into the effects of imports of processed critical minerals and their derivative products (PCMDPs) on the national security of the United States under section 232 of the Trade Expansion Act of 1962, as amended, 19 U.S.C. 1862 (section 232).\u00a0 Based on the facts considered in that investigation, which took into account the close relation of the economic welfare of the Nation to our national security and other relevant factors, see 19 U.S.C. 1862(d), the Secretary found and advised me of his opinion that PCMDPs are being imported into the United States in such quantities and under such circumstances as to threaten to impair the national security of the United States.<\/p>\n
2.\u00a0 The Secretary found that PCMDPs are essential to the national security of the United States.\u00a0 PCMDPs are indispensable to almost every industry, including national defense programs and critical infrastructure.\u00a0 PCMDPs are embedded across defense and commercial supply chains and play an essential role in the production of advanced weapons systems, energy infrastructure, and everyday consumer goods. \u00a0For example, rare earth permanent magnets \u2014 a derivative product of processed critical minerals \u2014 are used in and vital to nearly all electronics and vehicles.\u00a0<\/p>\n
3.\u00a0 The Secretary found that PCMDPs are essential to the United States\u2019 defense industrial base and the technological superiority and operational readiness of the military.\u00a0 PCMDPs are key components found throughout the defense industrial base, contributing to virtually all defense capabilities and activities.\u00a0 They are essential for the development and sustainment of high-performance military equipment, including fighter aircraft, munitions, armor plating, naval ships, communication networks, navigation systems, and surveillance systems.<\/p>\n
4. \u00a0The Secretary also found that processed critical minerals are essential to each of the 16 critical infrastructure sectors identified by National Security Memorandum 22 of April\u00a030, 2024 (Critical Infrastructure Security and Resilience). \u00a0For example, the chemical sector uses critical minerals, such as lithium, fluorite, and bromine, for chemical synthesis and industrial mechanisms. \u00a0The communications sector uses critical minerals, such as gallium, germanium, indium, and yttrium, in fiber optic networks and satellite systems. \u00a0And the energy sector relies on\u00a0critical minerals, such as cobalt, nickel, uranium, praseodymium, and terbium, for battery storage, nuclear fuel, generators, and electric vehicle motors. \u00a0The Secretary determined that processed critical minerals underpin critical military and economic applications.<\/p>\n
5.\u00a0 The Secretary found that the United States is too reliant on foreign sources of PCMDPs, lacks access to a sufficiently secure and reliable supply chain to PCMDPs, is experiencing unsustainable price volatility with respect to critical mineral markets, and is suffering from weakened domestic manufacturing and production capacity of PCMDPs.\u00a0 The\u00a0Secretary found that these circumstances are a significant national security vulnerability that could be exploited by foreign actors; weaken the industrial resilience of the United States; expose the American people to supply chain disruptions, economic instability, and strategic vulnerabilities; and jeopardize the United States\u2019 ability to meet demands for PCMDPs that are essential to its national defense and critical infrastructure.<\/p>\n
6.\u00a0 As of 2024, the United States was 100 percent net-import reliant for 12 critical minerals, and 50 percent or greater net-import reliant for a further 29 critical minerals. \u00a0Even where the United States has domestic mining capacity, such as for cobalt, nickel, and rare earth elements, the United States lacks the domestic processing capacity to avoid downstream net-import reliance. \u00a0In fact, although the United States is the second largest producer of mined, unprocessed rare earth oxides in the world, the United States\u2019 limited processing capacity still requires rare earth oxides to be exported for further refining and processing before being reimported for domestic use. \u00a0As a result, the United States is too entirely reliant on imports of rare earth permanent magnets to meet commercial demand, and United States production currently meets only a fraction of defense needs.\u00a0 Mining a mineral domestically does not safeguard the national security of the United States if the United States remains dependent on a foreign country for the processing of that mineral.<\/p>\n
7.\u00a0 In addition, the Secretary found that the United States lacks access to a sufficiently secure and reliable supply chain for PCMDPs.\u00a0 Even with respect to the minerals for which the United States has only partial import reliance, supply disruptions can still expose important sectors \u2014 such as defense, aerospace, telecommunications, and transportation \u2014 to serious risk.\u00a0 For example, the limited capacity of the domestic critical minerals industry, combined with foreign dominance, has exposed the Department of War (DoW) to significant supply chain risks. \u00a0For several key minerals, the vast majority of DoW supply chains rely on at least one supplier from a single country, underscoring the urgent need to diversify sources and build resilient domestic capabilities.\u00a0<\/p>\n
8. \u00a0The Secretary further found that critical mineral markets are prone to price volatility. \u00a0Price volatility hinders private sector investment; limits market-based economies\u2019 willingness to maintain capacity; leads to facility closures; and threatens the long-term viability of domestic mining, processing, and downstream manufacturing capacity. \u00a0<\/p>\n
9.\u00a0 The Secretary also found that critical mineral production in the United States has been declining.\u00a0 The United\u00a0States has experienced the closure or reduction in size of facilities related to critical mineral production, and some United States producers of critical minerals have offshored their activities to foreign countries.<\/p>\n
10.\u00a0 The Secretary found that despite the decline in refining, manufacturing, and production of critical minerals in the United States, United States demand for critical minerals is rapidly increasing and will continue to increase. \u00a0Contributing to the increased United States demand are vital national security and economic activities, including rising military threats and growing high-tech industries, such as artificial intelligence, data centers, nuclear energy, and new energy technologies. \u00a0<\/p>\n
11.\u00a0 In the Secretary\u2019s opinion, it is imperative to the national security to address these vulnerabilities.\u00a0 In the Secretary\u2019s view, the United States must, among other things, ensure that it has a secure supply chain to obtain PCMDPs and that it has sufficient domestic mining and processing of critical minerals to reduce import reliance on foreign countries.\u00a0<\/p>\n
12.\u00a0 In light of these findings, the Secretary recommended a range of actions, including actions to adjust the imports of PCMDPs so that such imports will not threaten to impair the national security.\u00a0 For example, the Secretary recommended that I negotiate agreements with foreign nations to ensure the United States has adequate critical mineral supplies and to mitigate the supply chain vulnerabilities as quickly as possible. \u00a0The Secretary also suggested that it may be appropriate to impose import restrictions, such as tariffs, if satisfactory agreements are not reached in a timely manner.<\/p>\n
13.\u00a0 After considering the Secretary\u2019s report, the factors in section 232(d) (19 U.S.C. 1862(d)), and other relevant factors and information, I concur with the Secretary\u2019s finding that PCMDPs are being imported into the United States in such quantities and under such circumstances as to threaten to impair the national security of the United States.\u00a0 In my judgment, and in light of the Secretary\u2019s report, the factors in section 232(d) (19 U.S.C. 1862(d)), and other relevant factors and information, I determine that it is necessary and appropriate to enter into negotiations with trading partners to adjust the imports of PCMDPs so that such imports will not threaten to impair the national security of the United States.\u00a0 Depending on the outcome of such negotiations, I may consider alternative remedies in the future, including minimum import prices for specific types of critical minerals.\u00a0 I therefore direct the Secretary and the United States Trade Representative (Trade Representative) to jointly pursue negotiation of agreements or continue any current negotiations of agreements, such as agreements contemplated in section 232(c)(3)(A)(i) (19 U.S.C. 1862(c)(3)(A)(i)), to address the threatened impairment of the national security with respect to PCMDPs.\u00a0 Depending on the status or outcome of those negotiations, I may take other measures to adjust the imports of PCMDPs to address the threat to the national security found in this proclamation.<\/p>\n
14.\u00a0 Section 232 authorizes the President to adjust the imports of an article and its derivatives that are being imported into the United States in such quantities or under such circumstances as to threaten to impair the national security so that such imports will not threaten to impair the national security.\u00a0 Section 232 includes the authority to adopt and carry out a plan of action, with adjustments over time, to address the national security threat. \u00a0That initial plan of action may include negotiations of agreements with foreign trading partners along with other measures to adjust imports to address the national security threat. \u00a0If action under section 232 includes the negotiation of an agreement, such as one contemplated in section 232(c)(3)(A)(i) (19 U.S.C. 1862(c)(3)(A)(i)), the President may also take other actions he deems necessary to adjust imports and eliminate the threat to the national security, including if such an agreement is not entered into within 180 days of the date of this proclamation or is not being carried out or is ineffective. \u00a0See 19 U.S.C. 1862(c)(3)(A).<\/p>\n
NOW, THEREFORE, I, DONALD J. TRUMP, President of the United\u00a0States of America, by the authority vested in me by the Constitution and the laws of the United States, including section 232, 19 U.S.C. 1862; and section 301 of title\u00a03, United States Code, do hereby proclaim as follows:<\/p>\n
(1)\u00a0 The Secretary and the Trade Representative, and any other senior executive branch officials they deem appropriate, shall jointly pursue negotiation of agreements, including those contemplated in section 232(c)(3)(A)(i) (19 U.S.C. 1862(c)(3)(A)(i)), to address the threatened impairment of the national security with respect to imports of PCMDPs from any country. \u00a0In negotiating, the Secretary and the Trade Representative should consider price floors for trade in critical minerals and other trade-restricting measures. \u00a0The Secretary and the Trade Representative, in consultation with any other senior executive branch officials they deem appropriate, shall, from time to time, update me on the status or outcome of the negotiations described in this proclamation.\u00a0 The Secretary and the Trade Representative shall provide one of these updates within 180 days of the date of this proclamation.<\/p>\n
(2)\u00a0 To the extent consistent with applicable law and the\u00a0purpose of this proclamation, the Secretary, the Trade Representative, and the Secretary of Homeland Security are directed and authorized to take all actions that are appropriate to implement and effectuate this proclamation and any actions contemplated by this proclamation, including, consistent with applicable law, the issuance of regulations, rules, guidance, and procedures and the temporary suspension or amendment of regulations, within their respective jurisdictions, and to employ all powers granted to the President under section 232, as\u00a0may be appropriate to implement and effectuate this proclamation. \u00a0The Secretary, the Trade Representative, and the Secretary of Homeland Security may, consistent with applicable law, including section 301 of title 3, United States Code, redelegate any of these functions within their respective executive departments or agencies. \u00a0All executive departments and agencies shall take all appropriate measures to implement and effectuate this proclamation.<\/p>\n
(3)\u00a0 The Secretary shall continue to monitor imports of PCMDPs.\u00a0 The Secretary also shall, from time to time, in consultation with any senior executive branch officials the Secretary deems appropriate, review the status of such imports with respect to the national security.\u00a0 The Secretary shall inform me of any circumstances that, in the Secretary\u2019s opinion, might indicate the need for further action by the President under section 232.\u00a0<\/p>\n
(4)\u00a0 Any provision of previous proclamations and Executive Orders that is inconsistent with the actions taken in this proclamation is superseded to the extent of such inconsistency. \u00a0If any provision of this proclamation or the application of any provision to any individual or circumstance is held to be invalid, the remainder of this proclamation and the application of its provisions to any other individuals or circumstances shall not be affected.<\/p>\n
IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand this fourteenth day of January, in the year of our Lord two\u00a0thousand\u00a0twenty-six, and of the Independence of the United\u00a0States of\u00a0America the two\u00a0hundred and fiftieth.<\/p>\n
\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 DONALD J. TRUMP<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"BY THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA A PROCLAMATION 1.\u00a0 On October 24, 2025, the Secretary…\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":17736,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[23,3,21,19,22,20,25,24],"class_list":{"0":"post-407826","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-united-states","8":"tag-america","9":"tag-news","10":"tag-united-states","11":"tag-united-states-of-america","12":"tag-unitedstates","13":"tag-unitedstatesofamerica","14":"tag-us","15":"tag-usa"},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/407826","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=407826"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/407826\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17736"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=407826"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=407826"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=407826"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}