{"id":762270,"date":"2026-07-14T11:44:12","date_gmt":"2026-07-14T11:44:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/762270\/"},"modified":"2026-07-14T11:44:12","modified_gmt":"2026-07-14T11:44:12","slug":"the-evolution-and-diversification-of-cetacea","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/762270\/","title":{"rendered":"The evolution and diversification of Cetacea"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR1\">Thewissen, J. &amp; Bajpai, S. Whale origins as a poster child for macroevolution. BioScience 51, 1037\u20131049 (2001).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1641\/0006-3568(2001)051[1037:WOAAPC]2.0.CO;2\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1641\/0006-3568(2001)051[1037:WOAAPC]2.0.CO;2\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1641%2F0006-3568%282001%29051%5B1037%3AWOAAPC%5D2.0.CO%3B2\" aria-label=\"Article reference 1\" data-doi=\"10.1641\/0006-3568(2001)051[1037:WOAAPC]2.0.CO;2\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 1\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Whale%20origins%20as%20a%20poster%20child%20for%20macroevolution&amp;journal=BioScience&amp;doi=10.1641%2F0006-3568%282001%29051%5B1037%3AWOAAPC%5D2.0.CO%3B2&amp;volume=51&amp;pages=1037-1049&amp;publication_year=2001&amp;author=Thewissen%2CJ&amp;author=Bajpai%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR2\">Gatesy, J. et al. A phylogenetic blueprint for a modern whale. Mol. Phylogenet. Evol. 66, 479\u2013506 (2013).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.ympev.2012.10.012\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.ympev.2012.10.012\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2012.10.012\" aria-label=\"Article reference 2\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.ympev.2012.10.012\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 2\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20phylogenetic%20blueprint%20for%20a%20modern%20whale&amp;journal=Mol.%20Phylogenet.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2012.10.012&amp;volume=66&amp;pages=479-506&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Gatesy%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR3\">Simpson, G. G. The Principles of Classification and a Classification of Mammals Vol. 85 (American Museum of Natural History, 1945).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR4\">Spaulding, M., O\u2019Leary, M. A. &amp; Gatesy, J. Relationships of Cetacea (Artiodactyla) among mammals: increased taxon sampling alters interpretations of key fossils and character evolution. PLoS ONE 4, e7062 (2009).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007062\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007062\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0007062\" aria-label=\"Article reference 4\" data-doi=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0007062\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 4\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Relationships%20of%20Cetacea%20%28Artiodactyla%29%20among%20mammals%3A%20increased%20taxon%20sampling%20alters%20interpretations%20of%20key%20fossils%20and%20character%20evolution&amp;journal=PLoS%20ONE&amp;doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0007062&amp;volume=4&amp;publication_year=2009&amp;author=Spaulding%2CM&amp;author=O%E2%80%99Leary%2CMA&amp;author=Gatesy%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR5\">Geisler, J. H. &amp; Uhen, M. D. Morphological support for a close relationship between hippos and whales. J. Vertebr. Paleontol. 23, 991\u2013996 (2003).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1671\/32\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1671\/32\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1671%2F32\" aria-label=\"Article reference 5\" data-doi=\"10.1671\/32\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 5\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Morphological%20support%20for%20a%20close%20relationship%20between%20hippos%20and%20whales&amp;journal=J.%20Vertebr.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1671%2F32&amp;volume=23&amp;pages=991-996&amp;publication_year=2003&amp;author=Geisler%2CJH&amp;author=Uhen%2CMD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR6\">Irwin, D. M. &amp; \u00c1rnason, \u00da. Cytochrome b gene of marine mammals: phylogeny and evolution. J. Mamm. Evol. 2, 37\u201355 (1994).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/BF01464349\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/BF01464349\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/BF01464349\" aria-label=\"Article reference 6\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/BF01464349\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 6\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Cytochrome%20b%20gene%20of%20marine%20mammals%3A%20phylogeny%20and%20evolution&amp;journal=J.%20Mamm.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1007%2FBF01464349&amp;volume=2&amp;pages=37-55&amp;publication_year=1994&amp;author=Irwin%2CDM&amp;author=%C3%81rnason%2C%C3%9A\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR7\">Gatesy, J. in The Emergence of Whales: Evolutionary Patterns in the Origin of Cetacea (ed Thewissen J. G. M.) 63\u2013111 (Springer, 1998).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR8\">Montgelard, C., Catzeflis, F. M. &amp; Douzery, E. Phylogenetic relationships of artiodactyls and cetaceans as deduced from the comparison of cytochrome b and 12S rRNA mitochondrial sequences. Mol. Biol. Evol. 14, 550\u2013559 (1997).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025792\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025792\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Foxfordjournals.molbev.a025792\" aria-label=\"Article reference 8\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.molbev.a025792\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DyaK2sXjtVGnsbs%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 8\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 8\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Phylogenetic%20relationships%20of%20artiodactyls%20and%20cetaceans%20as%20deduced%20from%20the%20comparison%20of%20cytochrome%20b%20and%2012S%20rRNA%20mitochondrial%20sequences&amp;journal=Mol.%20Biol.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Foxfordjournals.molbev.a025792&amp;volume=14&amp;pages=550-559&amp;publication_year=1997&amp;author=Montgelard%2CC&amp;author=Catzeflis%2CFM&amp;author=Douzery%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR9\">Flower, W. H. On whales, past and present, and their probable origin. Nature 28, 199\u2013202 (1883).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/028199e0\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/028199e0\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2F028199e0\" aria-label=\"Article reference 9\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/028199e0\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 9\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=On%20whales%2C%20past%20and%20present%2C%20and%20their%20probable%20origin&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2F028199e0&amp;volume=28&amp;pages=199-202&amp;publication_year=1883&amp;author=Flower%2CWH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR10\">Boyden, A. &amp; Gemeroy, D. The relative position of the Cetacea among the orders of Mammalia as indicated by precipitin tests. Zoologica 35, 145\u2013151 (1950).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 10\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20relative%20position%20of%20the%20Cetacea%20among%20the%20orders%20of%20Mammalia%20as%20indicated%20by%20precipitin%20tests&amp;journal=Zoologica&amp;volume=35&amp;pages=145-151&amp;publication_year=1950&amp;author=Boyden%2CA&amp;author=Gemeroy%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR11\">Gingerich, P. D., Haq, M. U., Zalmout, I. S., Khan, I. H. &amp; Malkani, M. S. Origin of whales from early artiodactyls: hands and feet of Eocene Protocetidae from Pakistan. Science 293, 2239\u20132242 (2001).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/science.1063902\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/science.1063902\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fscience.1063902\" aria-label=\"Article reference 11\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/science.1063902\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXntFCrtr4%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 11\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 11\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Origin%20of%20whales%20from%20early%20artiodactyls%3A%20hands%20and%20feet%20of%20Eocene%20Protocetidae%20from%20Pakistan&amp;journal=Science&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fscience.1063902&amp;volume=293&amp;pages=2239-2242&amp;publication_year=2001&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD&amp;author=Haq%2CMU&amp;author=Zalmout%2CIS&amp;author=Khan%2CIH&amp;author=Malkani%2CMS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR12\">Thewissen, J. G., Williams, E., Roe, L. &amp; Hussain, S. Skeletons of terrestrial cetaceans and the relationship of whales to artiodactyls. Nature 413, 277\u2013281 (2001).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/35095005\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/35095005\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2F35095005\" aria-label=\"Article reference 12\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/35095005\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXnt1Kisrs%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 12\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 12\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Skeletons%20of%20terrestrial%20cetaceans%20and%20the%20relationship%20of%20whales%20to%20artiodactyls&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2F35095005&amp;volume=413&amp;pages=277-281&amp;publication_year=2001&amp;author=Thewissen%2CJG&amp;author=Williams%2CE&amp;author=Roe%2CL&amp;author=Hussain%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR13\">Committee on Taxonomy. List of marine mammal species and subspecies. Society for Marine Mammalogy <a href=\"https:\/\/marinemammalscience.org\/science-and-publications\/list-marine-mammal-species-subspecies\/\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"https:\/\/marinemammalscience.org\/science-and-publications\/list-marine-mammal-species-subspecies\/\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/marinemammalscience.org\/science-and-publications\/list-marine-mammal-species-subspecies\/<\/a> (2026).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR14\">Croll, D., Kudela, R. &amp; Tershy, B. in Whales, Whaling, and Ocean Ecosystems (eds DeMaster D. P. et al.) 202\u2013214 (Univ. California Press, 2006).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR15\">Nerini, M. &amp; Oliver, J. Gray whales and the structure of the Bering Sea benthos. Oecologia 59, 224\u2013225 (1983).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/BF00378840\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/BF00378840\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/BF00378840\" aria-label=\"Article reference 15\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/BF00378840\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:STN:280:DC%2BC1cznvVOntw%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 15\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 15\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Gray%20whales%20and%20the%20structure%20of%20the%20Bering%20Sea%20benthos&amp;journal=Oecologia&amp;doi=10.1007%2FBF00378840&amp;volume=59&amp;pages=224-225&amp;publication_year=1983&amp;author=Nerini%2CM&amp;author=Oliver%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR16\">Nicol, S. et al. Southern Ocean iron fertilization by baleen whales and Antarctic krill. Fish. Fish. 11, 203\u2013209 (2010).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/j.1467-2979.2010.00356.x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/j.1467-2979.2010.00356.x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1467-2979.2010.00356.x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 16\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/j.1467-2979.2010.00356.x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 16\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Southern%20Ocean%20iron%20fertilization%20by%20baleen%20whales%20and%20Antarctic%20krill&amp;journal=Fish.%20Fish.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fj.1467-2979.2010.00356.x&amp;volume=11&amp;pages=203-209&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Nicol%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR17\">Fordyce, R. E. in Encyclopedia of Life Sciences(ed. John Wiley &amp; Sons) 1\u20139 (John Wiley &amp; Sons, 2013).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR18\">Gatesy, J. &amp; O\u2019Leary, M. A. Deciphering whale origins with molecules and fossils. Trends Ecol. Evol. 16, 562\u2013570 (2001).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/S0169-5347(01)02236-4\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/S0169-5347(01)02236-4\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2FS0169-5347%2801%2902236-4\" aria-label=\"Article reference 18\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/S0169-5347(01)02236-4\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 18\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Deciphering%20whale%20origins%20with%20molecules%20and%20fossils&amp;journal=Trends%20Ecol.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2FS0169-5347%2801%2902236-4&amp;volume=16&amp;pages=562-570&amp;publication_year=2001&amp;author=Gatesy%2CJ&amp;author=O%E2%80%99Leary%2CMA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR19\">Thewissen, J. G. &amp; Williams, E. M. The early radiations of Cetacea (Mammalia): evolutionary pattern and developmental correlations. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Syst. 33, 73\u201390 (2002).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.33.020602.095426\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.33.020602.095426\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146%2Fannurev.ecolsys.33.020602.095426\" aria-label=\"Article reference 19\" data-doi=\"10.1146\/annurev.ecolsys.33.020602.095426\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 19\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20early%20radiations%20of%20Cetacea%20%28Mammalia%29%3A%20evolutionary%20pattern%20and%20developmental%20correlations&amp;journal=Annu.%20Rev.%20Ecol.%20Syst.&amp;doi=10.1146%2Fannurev.ecolsys.33.020602.095426&amp;volume=33&amp;pages=73-90&amp;publication_year=2002&amp;author=Thewissen%2CJG&amp;author=Williams%2CEM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR20\">Fordyce, R. &amp; de Muizon, C. in Secondary Adaptation of Tetrapods to Life in Water (eds Mazin, J. M. &amp; de Buffrenil, V.) 169\u2013233 (Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2001).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR21\">Uhen, M. D. The origin(s) of whales. Annu. Rev. Earth Planet. Sci. 38, 189\u2013219 (2010).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1146\/annurev-earth-040809-152453\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1146\/annurev-earth-040809-152453\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146%2Fannurev-earth-040809-152453\" aria-label=\"Article reference 21\" data-doi=\"10.1146\/annurev-earth-040809-152453\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXnt1Ghsr4%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 21\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 21\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20origin%28s%29%20of%20whales&amp;journal=Annu.%20Rev.%20Earth%20Planet.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1146%2Fannurev-earth-040809-152453&amp;volume=38&amp;pages=189-219&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Uhen%2CMD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR22\">Marx, F. G., Lambert, O. &amp; Uhen, M. D. Cetacean Paleobiology (Wiley, 2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR23\">Kelley, N. P. &amp; Pyenson, N. D. Evolutionary innovation and ecology in marine tetrapods from the Triassic to the Anthropocene. Science 348, aaa3716 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/science.aaa3716\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/science.aaa3716\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fscience.aaa3716\" aria-label=\"Article reference 23\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/science.aaa3716\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 23\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Evolutionary%20innovation%20and%20ecology%20in%20marine%20tetrapods%20from%20the%20Triassic%20to%20the%20Anthropocene&amp;journal=Science&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fscience.aaa3716&amp;volume=348&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Kelley%2CNP&amp;author=Pyenson%2CND\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR24\">Pimiento, C., Cort\u00e9s, D. &amp; Valenzuela-Toro, A. M. Ocean giants through time: evolution and ecology intertwined. Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst. 56, 491\u2013519 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1146\/annurev-ecolsys-102723-054842\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1146\/annurev-ecolsys-102723-054842\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1146%2Fannurev-ecolsys-102723-054842\" aria-label=\"Article reference 24\" data-doi=\"10.1146\/annurev-ecolsys-102723-054842\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 24\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Ocean%20giants%20through%20time%3A%20evolution%20and%20ecology%20intertwined&amp;journal=Annu.%20Rev.%20Ecol.%20Evol.%20Syst.&amp;doi=10.1146%2Fannurev-ecolsys-102723-054842&amp;volume=56&amp;pages=491-519&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Pimiento%2CC&amp;author=Cort%C3%A9s%2CD&amp;author=Valenzuela-Toro%2CAM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR25\">Bajpai, S. &amp; Gingerich, P. D. A new Eocene archaeocete (Mammalia, Cetacea) from India and the time of origin of whales. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 95, 15464\u201315468 (1998).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1073\/pnas.95.26.15464\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1073\/pnas.95.26.15464\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073%2Fpnas.95.26.15464\" aria-label=\"Article reference 25\" data-doi=\"10.1073\/pnas.95.26.15464\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DyaK1MXhvFarsw%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 25\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 25\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20Eocene%20archaeocete%20%28Mammalia%2C%20Cetacea%29%20from%20India%20and%20the%20time%20of%20origin%20of%20whales&amp;journal=Proc.%20Natl%20Acad.%20Sci.%20USA&amp;doi=10.1073%2Fpnas.95.26.15464&amp;volume=95&amp;pages=15464-15468&amp;publication_year=1998&amp;author=Bajpai%2CS&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR26\">Waqas, M. et al. A basal representative of Cetacea from the Eocene of India. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 10, 1195\u20131203 (2026).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41559-026-03055-9\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41559-026-03055-9\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41559-026-03055-9\" aria-label=\"Article reference 26\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41559-026-03055-9\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 26\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20basal%20representative%20of%20Cetacea%20from%20the%20Eocene%20of%20India&amp;journal=Nat.%20Ecol.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41559-026-03055-9&amp;volume=10&amp;pages=1195-1203&amp;publication_year=2026&amp;author=Waqas%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR27\">Coombs, E. J. et al. The tempo of cetacean cranial evolution. Curr. Biol. 32, 2233\u20132247 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2022.04.060\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2022.04.060\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2022.04.060\" aria-label=\"Article reference 27\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2022.04.060\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB38Xht1emtrvN\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 27\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 27\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20tempo%20of%20cetacean%20cranial%20evolution&amp;journal=Curr.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cub.2022.04.060&amp;volume=32&amp;pages=2233-2247&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Coombs%2CEJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR28\">Coombs, E. J. et al. Drivers of morphological evolution in the toothed whale jaw. Curr. Biol. 34, 273\u2013285 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2023.11.056\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2023.11.056\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2023.11.056\" aria-label=\"Article reference 28\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2023.11.056\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3sXis1Cnu73L\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 28\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 28\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Drivers%20of%20morphological%20evolution%20in%20the%20toothed%20whale%20jaw&amp;journal=Curr.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cub.2023.11.056&amp;volume=34&amp;pages=273-285&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Coombs%2CEJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR29\">Gingerich, P. D. Land-to-sea transition in early whales: evolution of Eocene Archaeoceti (Cetacea) in relation to skeletal proportions and locomotion of living semiaquatic mammals. Paleobiology 29, 429\u2013454 (2003).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1666\/0094-8373(2003)029&lt;0429:LTIEWE&gt;2.0.CO;2\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1666\/0094-8373(2003)029&lt;0429:LTIEWE&gt;2.0.CO;2\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1666%2F0094-8373%282003%29029%3C0429%3ALTIEWE%3E2.0.CO%3B2\" aria-label=\"Article reference 29\" data-doi=\"10.1666\/0094-8373(2003)029&lt;0429:LTIEWE&gt;2.0.CO;2\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 29\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Land-to-sea%20transition%20in%20early%20whales%3A%20evolution%20of%20Eocene%20Archaeoceti%20%28Cetacea%29%20in%20relation%20to%20skeletal%20proportions%20and%20locomotion%20of%20living%20semiaquatic%20mammals&amp;journal=Paleobiology&amp;doi=10.1666%2F0094-8373%282003%29029%3C0429%3ALTIEWE%3E2.0.CO%3B2&amp;volume=29&amp;pages=429-454&amp;publication_year=2003&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR30\">Madar, S. I. The postcranial skeleton of early Eocene pakicetid cetaceans. J. Paleontol. 81, 176\u2013200 (2007).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1666\/0022-3360(2007)81[176:TPSOEE]2.0.CO;2\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1666\/0022-3360(2007)81[176:TPSOEE]2.0.CO;2\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1666%2F0022-3360%282007%2981%5B176%3ATPSOEE%5D2.0.CO%3B2\" aria-label=\"Article reference 30\" data-doi=\"10.1666\/0022-3360(2007)81[176:TPSOEE]2.0.CO;2\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 30\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20postcranial%20skeleton%20of%20early%20Eocene%20pakicetid%20cetaceans&amp;journal=J.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1666%2F0022-3360%282007%2981%5B176%3ATPSOEE%5D2.0.CO%3B2&amp;volume=81&amp;pages=176-200&amp;publication_year=2007&amp;author=Madar%2CSI\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR31\">Clementz, M. T., Goswami, A., Gingerich, P. D. &amp; Koch, P. L. Isotopic records from early whales and sea cows: contrasting patterns of ecological transition. J. Vertebr. Paleontol. 26, 355\u2013370 (2006).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1671\/0272-4634(2006)26[355:IRFEWA]2.0.CO;2\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1671\/0272-4634(2006)26[355:IRFEWA]2.0.CO;2\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1671%2F0272-4634%282006%2926%5B355%3AIRFEWA%5D2.0.CO%3B2\" aria-label=\"Article reference 31\" data-doi=\"10.1671\/0272-4634(2006)26[355:IRFEWA]2.0.CO;2\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 31\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Isotopic%20records%20from%20early%20whales%20and%20sea%20cows%3A%20contrasting%20patterns%20of%20ecological%20transition&amp;journal=J.%20Vertebr.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1671%2F0272-4634%282006%2926%5B355%3AIRFEWA%5D2.0.CO%3B2&amp;volume=26&amp;pages=355-370&amp;publication_year=2006&amp;author=Clementz%2CMT&amp;author=Goswami%2CA&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD&amp;author=Koch%2CPL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR32\">Thewissen, J. G., Cooper, L. N., Clementz, M. T., Bajpai, S. &amp; Tiwari, B. N. Whales originated from aquatic artiodactyls in the Eocene epoch of India. Nature 450, 1190\u20131194 (2007).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/nature06343\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/nature06343\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fnature06343\" aria-label=\"Article reference 32\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/nature06343\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2sXhsVGjsL%2FE\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 32\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 32\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Whales%20originated%20from%20aquatic%20artiodactyls%20in%20the%20Eocene%20epoch%20of%20India&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fnature06343&amp;volume=450&amp;pages=1190-1194&amp;publication_year=2007&amp;author=Thewissen%2CJG&amp;author=Cooper%2CLN&amp;author=Clementz%2CMT&amp;author=Bajpai%2CS&amp;author=Tiwari%2CBN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR33\">Cooper, L. N., Thewissen, J., Bajpai, S. &amp; Tiwari, B. Postcranial morphology and locomotion of the Eocene raoellid Indohyus\u00a0(Artiodactyla: Mammalia). Historical Biol. 24, 279\u2013310 (2012).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 33\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Postcranial%20morphology%20and%20locomotion%20of%20the%20Eocene%20raoellid%20Indohyus%C2%A0%28Artiodactyla%3A%20Mammalia%29&amp;journal=Historical%20Biol.&amp;volume=24&amp;pages=279-310&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Cooper%2CLN&amp;author=Thewissen%2CJ&amp;author=Bajpai%2CS&amp;author=Tiwari%2CB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR34\">Patel, S., Nanda, A. C., Orliac, M. &amp; Thewissen, J. G. Cranial anatomy of Indohyus indirae (Raoellidae), an artiodactyl from the Eocene of India, and its implications for raoellid biology. Palaeontol. Electron. 27, 1\u201314 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB2MXjt1Sku7k%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 34\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 34\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Cranial%20anatomy%20of%20Indohyus%20indirae%20%28Raoellidae%29%2C%20an%20artiodactyl%20from%20the%20Eocene%20of%20India%2C%20and%20its%20implications%20for%20raoellid%20biology&amp;journal=Palaeontol.%20Electron.&amp;volume=27&amp;pages=1-14&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Patel%2CS&amp;author=Nanda%2CAC&amp;author=Orliac%2CM&amp;author=Thewissen%2CJG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR35\">Waqas, M., Smith, T., Rana, R. S. &amp; Orliac, M. J. The cranium and dentition of Khirtharia(Artiodactyla, Raoellidae): new data on a stem taxon to Cetacea. J. Mamm. Evol. 31, 24 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s10914-024-09720-9\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s10914-024-09720-9\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s10914-024-09720-9\" aria-label=\"Article reference 35\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s10914-024-09720-9\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 35\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20cranium%20and%20dentition%20of%20Khirtharia%28Artiodactyla%2C%20Raoellidae%29%3A%20new%20data%20on%20a%20stem%20taxon%20to%20Cetacea&amp;journal=J.%20Mamm.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs10914-024-09720-9&amp;volume=31&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Waqas%2CM&amp;author=Smith%2CT&amp;author=Rana%2CRS&amp;author=Orliac%2CMJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR36\">Bouaziz, H. et al. Morphological study of the anterior dentition in Raoellidae (Mammalia, Artiodactyla), new insight on their dietary habits. J. Anat. 248, 269\u2013283 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/joa.14209\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/joa.14209\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fjoa.14209\" aria-label=\"Article reference 36\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/joa.14209\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 36\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Morphological%20study%20of%20the%20anterior%20dentition%20in%20Raoellidae%20%28Mammalia%2C%20Artiodactyla%29%2C%20new%20insight%20on%20their%20dietary%20habits&amp;journal=J.%20Anat.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fjoa.14209&amp;volume=248&amp;pages=269-283&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Bouaziz%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR37\">Waqas, M., Smith, T., Rana, R. &amp; Orliac, M. J. The endocranial cast of Khirtharia (Artiodactyla, Raoellidae) provides new insights into the earliest evolution of the cetacean brain. Brain Behav. Evol. 100, 80\u201392 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1159\/000542574\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1159\/000542574\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1159%2F000542574\" aria-label=\"Article reference 37\" data-doi=\"10.1159\/000542574\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 37\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20endocranial%20cast%20of%20Khirtharia%20%28Artiodactyla%2C%20Raoellidae%29%20provides%20new%20insights%20into%20the%20earliest%20evolution%20of%20the%20cetacean%20brain&amp;journal=Brain%20Behav.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1159%2F000542574&amp;volume=100&amp;pages=80-92&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Waqas%2CM&amp;author=Smith%2CT&amp;author=Rana%2CR&amp;author=Orliac%2CMJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR38\">Madar, S. I., Thewissen, J. &amp; Hussain, S. Additional holotype remains of Ambulocetus natans (Cetacea, Ambulocetidae), and their implications for locomotion in early whales. J. Vertebr. Paleontol. 22, 405\u2013422 (2002).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1671\/0272-4634(2002)022[0405:AHROAN]2.0.CO;2\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1671\/0272-4634(2002)022[0405:AHROAN]2.0.CO;2\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1671%2F0272-4634%282002%29022%5B0405%3AAHROAN%5D2.0.CO%3B2\" aria-label=\"Article reference 38\" data-doi=\"10.1671\/0272-4634(2002)022[0405:AHROAN]2.0.CO;2\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 38\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Additional%20holotype%20remains%20of%20Ambulocetus%20natans%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Ambulocetidae%29%2C%20and%20their%20implications%20for%20locomotion%20in%20early%20whales&amp;journal=J.%20Vertebr.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1671%2F0272-4634%282002%29022%5B0405%3AAHROAN%5D2.0.CO%3B2&amp;volume=22&amp;pages=405-422&amp;publication_year=2002&amp;author=Madar%2CSI&amp;author=Thewissen%2CJ&amp;author=Hussain%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR39\">Thewissen, J., Madar, S. I. &amp; Hussain, S. T. Ambulocetus natans, an Eocene cetacean (Mammalia) from Pakistan. Cour. Forsch. Senckenberg. 191, 1\u201386 (1996).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 39\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Ambulocetus%20natans%2C%20an%20Eocene%20cetacean%20%28Mammalia%29%20from%20Pakistan&amp;journal=Cour.%20Forsch.%20Senckenberg.&amp;volume=191&amp;pages=1-86&amp;publication_year=1996&amp;author=Thewissen%2CJ&amp;author=Madar%2CSI&amp;author=Hussain%2CST\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR40\">Thewissen, J. G., Hussain, S. T. &amp; Arif, M. Fossil evidence for the origin of aquatic locomotion in archaeocete whales. Science 263, 210\u2013212 (1994).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/science.263.5144.210\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/science.263.5144.210\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fscience.263.5144.210\" aria-label=\"Article reference 40\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/science.263.5144.210\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:STN:280:DC%2BC3cvlvFCjuw%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 40\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 40\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Fossil%20evidence%20for%20the%20origin%20of%20aquatic%20locomotion%20in%20archaeocete%20whales&amp;journal=Science&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fscience.263.5144.210&amp;volume=263&amp;pages=210-212&amp;publication_year=1994&amp;author=Thewissen%2CJG&amp;author=Hussain%2CST&amp;author=Arif%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR41\">Burin, G., Park, T., James, T. D., Slater, G. J. &amp; Cooper, N. The dynamic adaptive landscape of cetacean body size. Curr. Biol. 33, 1787\u20131794 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2023.03.014\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2023.03.014\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2023.03.014\" aria-label=\"Article reference 41\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2023.03.014\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3sXmt12ltbs%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 41\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 41\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20dynamic%20adaptive%20landscape%20of%20cetacean%20body%20size&amp;journal=Curr.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cub.2023.03.014&amp;volume=33&amp;pages=1787-1794&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Burin%2CG&amp;author=Park%2CT&amp;author=James%2CTD&amp;author=Slater%2CGJ&amp;author=Cooper%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR42\">Nummela, S., Thewissen, J. G., Bajpai, S., Hussain, S. T. &amp; Kumar, K. Eocene evolution of whale hearing. Nature 430, 776\u2013778 (2004).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/nature02720\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/nature02720\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fnature02720\" aria-label=\"Article reference 42\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/nature02720\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BD2cXmsVGlsrs%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 42\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 42\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Eocene%20evolution%20of%20whale%20hearing&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fnature02720&amp;volume=430&amp;pages=776-778&amp;publication_year=2004&amp;author=Nummela%2CS&amp;author=Thewissen%2CJG&amp;author=Bajpai%2CS&amp;author=Hussain%2CST&amp;author=Kumar%2CK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR43\">Nummela, S., Thewissen, J., Bajpai, S., Hussain, T. &amp; Kumar, K. Sound transmission in archaic and modern whales: anatomical adaptations for underwater hearing. Anat. Rec.\u00a0290, 716\u2013733 (2007).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/ar.20528\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1002\/ar.20528\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2Far.20528\" aria-label=\"Article reference 43\" data-doi=\"10.1002\/ar.20528\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 43\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Sound%20transmission%20in%20archaic%20and%20modern%20whales%3A%20anatomical%20adaptations%20for%20underwater%20hearing&amp;journal=Anat.%20Rec.&amp;doi=10.1002%2Far.20528&amp;volume=290&amp;pages=716-733&amp;publication_year=2007&amp;author=Nummela%2CS&amp;author=Thewissen%2CJ&amp;author=Bajpai%2CS&amp;author=Hussain%2CT&amp;author=Kumar%2CK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR44\">Thewissen, J. G. &amp; Fish, F. Locomotor evolution in the earliest cetaceans: functional model, modern analogues, and paleontological evidence. Paleobiology 23, 482\u2013490 (1997).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/S0094837300019850\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/S0094837300019850\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2FS0094837300019850\" aria-label=\"Article reference 44\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/S0094837300019850\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 44\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Locomotor%20evolution%20in%20the%20earliest%20cetaceans%3A%20functional%20model%2C%20modern%20analogues%2C%20and%20paleontological%20evidence&amp;journal=Paleobiology&amp;doi=10.1017%2FS0094837300019850&amp;volume=23&amp;pages=482-490&amp;publication_year=1997&amp;author=Thewissen%2CJG&amp;author=Fish%2CF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR45\">Roe, L. J. et al. in The Emergence of Whales: Evolutionary Patterns in the Origin of Cetacea (ed. Thewissen J. G. M.) 399\u2013422 (Springer, 1998).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR46\">Bebej, R. M., ul-Haq, M., Zalmout, I. S. &amp; Gingerich, P. D. Morphology and function of the vertebral column in Remingtonocetus domandaensis (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the middle Eocene Domanda Formation of Pakistan. J. Mamm. Evol. 19, 77\u2013104 (2012).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s10914-011-9184-8\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s10914-011-9184-8\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s10914-011-9184-8\" aria-label=\"Article reference 46\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s10914-011-9184-8\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 46\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Morphology%20and%20function%20of%20the%20vertebral%20column%20in%20Remingtonocetus%20domandaensis%20%28Mammalia%2C%20Cetacea%29%20from%20the%20middle%20Eocene%20Domanda%20Formation%20of%20Pakistan&amp;journal=J.%20Mamm.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs10914-011-9184-8&amp;volume=19&amp;pages=77-104&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Bebej%2CRM&amp;author=ul-Haq%2CM&amp;author=Zalmout%2CIS&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR47\">Bebej, R. M., Zalmout, I. S., El-Aziz, A. A. A., Antar, M. S. M. &amp; Gingerich, P. D. First remingtonocetid archaeocete (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the middle Eocene of Egypt with implications for biogeography and locomotion in early cetacean evolution. J. Paleontol. 89, 882\u2013893 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/jpa.2015.57\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/jpa.2015.57\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2Fjpa.2015.57\" aria-label=\"Article reference 47\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/jpa.2015.57\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 47\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=First%20remingtonocetid%20archaeocete%20%28Mammalia%2C%20Cetacea%29%20from%20the%20middle%20Eocene%20of%20Egypt%20with%20implications%20for%20biogeography%20and%20locomotion%20in%20early%20cetacean%20evolution&amp;journal=J.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1017%2Fjpa.2015.57&amp;volume=89&amp;pages=882-893&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Bebej%2CRM&amp;author=Zalmout%2CIS&amp;author=El-Aziz%2CAAA&amp;author=Antar%2CMSM&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR48\">Uhen, M. D. &amp; Peredo, C. M. The first possible remingtonocetid stem whale from North America. Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 66, 77\u201383 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.4202\/app.00799.2020\" data-track-item_id=\"10.4202\/app.00799.2020\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4202%2Fapp.00799.2020\" aria-label=\"Article reference 48\" data-doi=\"10.4202\/app.00799.2020\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 48\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20first%20possible%20remingtonocetid%20stem%20whale%20from%20North%20America&amp;journal=Acta%20Palaeontol.%20Pol.&amp;doi=10.4202%2Fapp.00799.2020&amp;volume=66&amp;pages=77-83&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Uhen%2CMD&amp;author=Peredo%2CCM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR49\">Andrews, C. W. A descripion of new species of zeuglodont and of leathery turtle from the Eocene of southern Nigeria. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 89, 309\u2013319 (1919).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1919.tb02124.x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1919.tb02124.x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.1919.tb02124.x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 49\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.1919.tb02124.x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 49\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20descripion%20of%20new%20species%20of%20zeuglodont%20and%20of%20leathery%20turtle%20from%20the%20Eocene%20of%20southern%20Nigeria&amp;journal=Proc.%20Zool.%20Soc.%20Lond.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.1919.tb02124.x&amp;volume=89&amp;pages=309-319&amp;publication_year=1919&amp;author=Andrews%2CCW\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR50\">Gohar, A. S. et al. A new protocetid whale offers clues to biogeography and feeding ecology in early cetacean evolution. Proc. R. Soc. B 288, 20211368 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rspb.2021.1368\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rspb.2021.1368\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frspb.2021.1368\" aria-label=\"Article reference 50\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rspb.2021.1368\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 50\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20protocetid%20whale%20offers%20clues%20to%20biogeography%20and%20feeding%20ecology%20in%20early%20cetacean%20evolution&amp;journal=Proc.%20R.%20Soc.%20B&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frspb.2021.1368&amp;volume=288&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Gohar%2CAS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR51\">Gingerich, P. D., Antar, M. S. M. &amp; Zalmout, I. S. Aegicetus gehennae, a new late Eocene protocetid (Cetacea, Archaeoceti) from Wadi Al Hitan, Egypt, and the transition to tail-powered swimming in whales. PLoS ONE 14, e0225391 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0225391\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0225391\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0225391\" aria-label=\"Article reference 51\" data-doi=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0225391\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXjs1Gqsrc%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 51\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 51\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Aegicetus%20gehennae%2C%20a%20new%20late%20Eocene%20protocetid%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Archaeoceti%29%20from%20Wadi%20Al%20Hitan%2C%20Egypt%2C%20and%20the%20transition%20to%20tail-powered%20swimming%20in%20whales&amp;journal=PLoS%20ONE&amp;doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0225391&amp;volume=14&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD&amp;author=Antar%2CMSM&amp;author=Zalmout%2CIS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR52\">Fraas, E. Neue Zeuglodonten aus dem unteren Mitteleoc\u00e4n vom Mokattam bei Cairo. Geol. und Palaeontol. Abh. 6, 199\u2013220 (1904).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 52\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Neue%20Zeuglodonten%20aus%20dem%20unteren%20Mitteleoc%C3%A4n%20vom%20Mokattam%20bei%20Cairo&amp;journal=Geol.%20und%20Palaeontol.%20Abh.&amp;volume=6&amp;pages=199-220&amp;publication_year=1904&amp;author=Fraas%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR53\">Lambert, O. et al. An amphibious whale from the middle Eocene of Peru reveals early South Pacific dispersal of quadrupedal cetaceans. Curr. Biol. 29, 1352\u20131359 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2019.02.050\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2019.02.050\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2019.02.050\" aria-label=\"Article reference 53\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2019.02.050\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXmvFShuro%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 53\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 53\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=An%20amphibious%20whale%20from%20the%20middle%20Eocene%20of%20Peru%20reveals%20early%20South%20Pacific%20dispersal%20of%20quadrupedal%20cetaceans&amp;journal=Curr.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cub.2019.02.050&amp;volume=29&amp;pages=1352-1359&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Lambert%2CO\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR54\">Gingerich, P. D. Makaracetus bidens, a new protocetid archaeocete (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the early middle Eocene of Balochistan (Pakistan). Contr. Mus. Paleontol. Univ. Mich. 31, 197 (2005).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 54\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Makaracetus%20bidens%2C%20a%20new%20protocetid%20archaeocete%20%28Mammalia%2C%20Cetacea%29%20from%20the%20early%20middle%20Eocene%20of%20Balochistan%20%28Pakistan%29&amp;journal=Contr.%20Mus.%20Paleontol.%20Univ.%20Mich.&amp;volume=31&amp;publication_year=2005&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR55\">Fahlke, J. M., Bastl, K. A., Semprebon, G. M. &amp; Gingerich, P. D. Paleoecology of archaeocete whales throughout the Eocene: dietary adaptations revealed by microwear analysis. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 386, 690\u2013701 (2013).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2013.06.032\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2013.06.032\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.palaeo.2013.06.032\" aria-label=\"Article reference 55\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.palaeo.2013.06.032\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 55\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Paleoecology%20of%20archaeocete%20whales%20throughout%20the%20Eocene%3A%20dietary%20adaptations%20revealed%20by%20microwear%20analysis&amp;journal=Palaeogeogr.%20Palaeoclimatol.%20Palaeoecol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.palaeo.2013.06.032&amp;volume=386&amp;pages=690-701&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Fahlke%2CJM&amp;author=Bastl%2CKA&amp;author=Semprebon%2CGM&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR56\">Hulbert, R. C. Jr, Petkewich, R. M., Bishop, G. A., Bukry, D. &amp; Aleshire, D. P. A new middle Eocene protocetid whale (Mammalia: Cetacea: Archaeoceti) and associated biota from Georgia. J. Paleontol. 72, 907\u2013927 (1998).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/S0022336000027232\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/S0022336000027232\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2FS0022336000027232\" aria-label=\"Article reference 56\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/S0022336000027232\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 56\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20middle%20Eocene%20protocetid%20whale%20%28Mammalia%3A%20Cetacea%3A%20Archaeoceti%29%20and%20associated%20biota%20from%20Georgia&amp;journal=J.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1017%2FS0022336000027232&amp;volume=72&amp;pages=907-927&amp;publication_year=1998&amp;author=Hulbert%2CRC&amp;author=Petkewich%2CRM&amp;author=Bishop%2CGA&amp;author=Bukry%2CD&amp;author=Aleshire%2CDP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR57\">Gingerich, P. D. et al. New protocetid whale from the middle Eocene of Pakistan: birth on land, precocial development, and sexual dimorphism. PLoS ONE 4, e4366 (2009).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004366\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004366\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0004366\" aria-label=\"Article reference 57\" data-doi=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004366\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 57\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=New%20protocetid%20whale%20from%20the%20middle%20Eocene%20of%20Pakistan%3A%20birth%20on%20land%2C%20precocial%20development%2C%20and%20sexual%20dimorphism&amp;journal=PLoS%20ONE&amp;doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0004366&amp;volume=4&amp;publication_year=2009&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR58\">Thewissen, J. &amp; McLellan, W. A. Maiacetus: displaced fetus or last meal. Comment. on: Gingerich, PD, ul-Haq, M., W. von. Koenigswald, WJ Sanders, BH Smith, IS. Zalmout. N. protocetid whale middle Eocene Pakistan: birth land, precocial development, Sex. dimorphism. PLoS ONE 4, e4366 (2009).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 58\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Maiacetus%3A%20displaced%20fetus%20or%20last%20meal.%20Comment.%20on%3A%20Gingerich%2C%20PD%2C%20ul-Haq%2C%20M.%2C%20W.%20von.%20Koenigswald%2C%20WJ%20Sanders%2C%20BH%20Smith%2C%20IS.%20Zalmout.%20N.%20protocetid%20whale%20middle%20Eocene%20Pakistan%3A%20birth%20land%2C%20precocial%20development%2C%20Sex.%20dimorphism.&amp;journal=PLoS%20ONE&amp;volume=4&amp;publication_year=2009&amp;author=Thewissen%2CJ&amp;author=McLellan%2CWA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR59\">Buono, M. R. et al. Eocene basilosaurid whales from the la Meseta formation, Marambio (Seymour) Island, Antarctica. Ameghiniana 53, 296\u2013315 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.5710\/AMGH.02.02.2016.2922\" data-track-item_id=\"10.5710\/AMGH.02.02.2016.2922\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5710%2FAMGH.02.02.2016.2922\" aria-label=\"Article reference 59\" data-doi=\"10.5710\/AMGH.02.02.2016.2922\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 59\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Eocene%20basilosaurid%20whales%20from%20the%20la%20Meseta%20formation%2C%20Marambio%20%28Seymour%29%20Island%2C%20Antarctica&amp;journal=Ameghiniana&amp;doi=10.5710%2FAMGH.02.02.2016.2922&amp;volume=53&amp;pages=296-315&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Buono%2CMR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR60\">Antar, M. S. et al. A diminutive new basilosaurid whale reveals the trajectory of the cetacean life histories during the Eocene. Commun. Biol. 6, 707 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s42003-023-04986-w\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s42003-023-04986-w\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs42003-023-04986-w\" aria-label=\"Article reference 60\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s42003-023-04986-w\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3sXhs12jurvJ\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 60\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 60\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20diminutive%20new%20basilosaurid%20whale%20reveals%20the%20trajectory%20of%20the%20cetacean%20life%20histories%20during%20the%20Eocene&amp;journal=Commun.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs42003-023-04986-w&amp;volume=6&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Antar%2CMS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR61\">Gingerich, P. D. &amp; Zouhri, S. New fauna of archaeocete whales (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Bartonian middle Eocene of southern Morocco. J. Afr. Earth Sci. 111, 273\u2013286 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.jafrearsci.2015.08.006\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.jafrearsci.2015.08.006\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.jafrearsci.2015.08.006\" aria-label=\"Article reference 61\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.jafrearsci.2015.08.006\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 61\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=New%20fauna%20of%20archaeocete%20whales%20%28Mammalia%2C%20Cetacea%29%20from%20the%20Bartonian%20middle%20Eocene%20of%20southern%20Morocco&amp;journal=J.%20Afr.%20Earth%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.jafrearsci.2015.08.006&amp;volume=111&amp;pages=273-286&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD&amp;author=Zouhri%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR62\">Gingerich, P. D., Smith, B. H. &amp; Simons, E. L. Hind limbs of Eocene Basilosaurus: evidence of feet in whales. Science 249, 154\u2013157 (1990).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/science.249.4965.154\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/science.249.4965.154\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fscience.249.4965.154\" aria-label=\"Article reference 62\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/science.249.4965.154\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:STN:280:DC%2BC3cvlvVSqsw%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 62\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 62\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Hind%20limbs%20of%20Eocene%20Basilosaurus%3A%20evidence%20of%20feet%20in%20whales&amp;journal=Science&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fscience.249.4965.154&amp;volume=249&amp;pages=154-157&amp;publication_year=1990&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD&amp;author=Smith%2CBH&amp;author=Simons%2CEL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR63\">Stromer, E. Die Archaeoceti des agyptischen Eozans. Beitrage zur Paleotologie und Geologie Osterreich-Ungarns und des Orients 21, 108\u2013177 (1908).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 63\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Die%20Archaeoceti%20des%20agyptischen%20Eozans&amp;journal=Beitrage%20zur%20Paleotologie%20und%20Geologie%20Osterreich-Ungarns%20und%20des%20Orients&amp;volume=21&amp;pages=108-177&amp;publication_year=1908&amp;author=Stromer%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR64\">Malkani, M., Dhanotr, M., Latif, A. &amp; Saeed, H. New remains of Basilosauridae\u2014the giant basal whale, and Baluchithere\u2014the giant rhinoceros discovered from Balochistan Province (Pakistan). Sindh Univ. Res. J. 45, 177\u2013188 (2013).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 64\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=New%20remains%20of%20Basilosauridae%E2%80%94the%20giant%20basal%20whale%2C%20and%20Baluchithere%E2%80%94the%20giant%20rhinoceros%20discovered%20from%20Balochistan%20Province%20%28Pakistan%29&amp;journal=Sindh%20Univ.%20Res.%20J.&amp;volume=45&amp;pages=177-188&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Malkani%2CM&amp;author=Dhanotr%2CM&amp;author=Latif%2CA&amp;author=Saeed%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR65\">Gol\u2019din, P. &amp; Zvonok, E. Basilotritus uheni, a new cetacean (Cetacea, Basilosauridae) from the late Middle Eocene of Eastern Europe. J. Paleontol. 87, 254\u2013268 (2013).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1666\/12-080R.1\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1666\/12-080R.1\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1666%2F12-080R.1\" aria-label=\"Article reference 65\" data-doi=\"10.1666\/12-080R.1\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 65\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Basilotritus%20uheni%2C%20a%20new%20cetacean%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Basilosauridae%29%20from%20the%20late%20Middle%20Eocene%20of%20Eastern%20Europe&amp;journal=J.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1666%2F12-080R.1&amp;volume=87&amp;pages=254-268&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Gol%E2%80%99din%2CP&amp;author=Zvonok%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR66\">van Vliet, H. J., Bosselaers, M., Schouten, S. &amp; Post, K. Eocene cetaceans from the Belgian\u2013Dutch coastal waters. Deinsea 20, 1\u201334 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 66\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Eocene%20cetaceans%20from%20the%20Belgian%E2%80%93Dutch%20coastal%20waters&amp;journal=Deinsea&amp;volume=20&amp;pages=1-34&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Vliet%2CHJ&amp;author=Bosselaers%2CM&amp;author=Schouten%2CS&amp;author=Post%2CK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR67\">Seeley, H. G. Notice of the occurrence of remains of a British fossil zeuglodon (Z. wanklyni, Seeley) in the Barton Clay of the Hampshire coast. Q. J. Geol. Soc. 32, 428\u2013432 (1876).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1144\/GSL.JGS.1876.032.01-04.47\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1144\/GSL.JGS.1876.032.01-04.47\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1144%2FGSL.JGS.1876.032.01-04.47\" aria-label=\"Article reference 67\" data-doi=\"10.1144\/GSL.JGS.1876.032.01-04.47\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 67\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Notice%20of%20the%20occurrence%20of%20remains%20of%20a%20British%20fossil%20zeuglodon%20%28Z.%20wanklyni%2C%20Seeley%29%20in%20the%20Barton%20Clay%20of%20the%20Hampshire%20coast&amp;journal=Q.%20J.%20Geol.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1144%2FGSL.JGS.1876.032.01-04.47&amp;volume=32&amp;pages=428-432&amp;publication_year=1876&amp;author=Seeley%2CHG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR68\">K\u00f6hler, R. &amp; Fordyce, R. E. An archaeocete whale (Cetacea: Archaeoceti) from the Eocene Waihao Greensand, New Zealand. J. Vertebr. Paleontol. 17, 574\u2013583 (1997).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/02724634.1997.10011004\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/02724634.1997.10011004\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F02724634.1997.10011004\" aria-label=\"Article reference 68\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/02724634.1997.10011004\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 68\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=An%20archaeocete%20whale%20%28Cetacea%3A%20Archaeoceti%29%20from%20the%20Eocene%20Waihao%20Greensand%2C%20New%20Zealand&amp;journal=J.%20Vertebr.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F02724634.1997.10011004&amp;volume=17&amp;pages=574-583&amp;publication_year=1997&amp;author=K%C3%B6hler%2CR&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR69\">Fordyce, R. Oligocene archaeocetes and toothed mysticetes: Cetacea from times of transition. Geol. Soc. N. Z. Misc. Publ. A 114, 16\u201317 (2002).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 69\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Oligocene%20archaeocetes%20and%20toothed%20mysticetes%3A%20Cetacea%20from%20times%20of%20transition&amp;journal=Geol.%20Soc.%20N.%20Z.%20Misc.%20Publ.%20A&amp;volume=114&amp;pages=16-17&amp;publication_year=2002&amp;author=Fordyce%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR70\">Uhen, M. D. &amp; Gingerich, P. D. New genus of dorudontine archaeocete (Cetacea) from the middle-to-late Eocene of South Carolina. Mar. Mammal. Sci. 17, 1\u201334 (2001).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/j.1748-7692.2001.tb00979.x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/j.1748-7692.2001.tb00979.x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1748-7692.2001.tb00979.x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 70\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/j.1748-7692.2001.tb00979.x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 70\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=New%20genus%20of%20dorudontine%20archaeocete%20%28Cetacea%29%20from%20the%20middle-to-late%20Eocene%20of%20South%20Carolina&amp;journal=Mar.%20Mammal.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fj.1748-7692.2001.tb00979.x&amp;volume=17&amp;pages=1-34&amp;publication_year=2001&amp;author=Uhen%2CMD&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR71\">Harlan, R. Notice of fossil bones found in the Tertiary formation of the state of Louisiana. Trans. Am. Philos. Soc. 4, 397\u2013403 (1834).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.2307\/1004838\" data-track-item_id=\"10.2307\/1004838\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307%2F1004838\" aria-label=\"Article reference 71\" data-doi=\"10.2307\/1004838\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 71\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Notice%20of%20fossil%20bones%20found%20in%20the%20Tertiary%20formation%20of%20the%20state%20of%20Louisiana&amp;journal=Trans.%20Am.%20Philos.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.2307%2F1004838&amp;volume=4&amp;pages=397-403&amp;publication_year=1834&amp;author=Harlan%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR72\">Uhen, M. D., Pyenson, N. D., Devries, T. J., Urbina, M. &amp; Renne, P. R. New middle Eocene whales from the Pisco Basin of Peru. J. Paleontol. 85, 955\u2013969 (2011).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1666\/10-162.1\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1666\/10-162.1\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1666%2F10-162.1\" aria-label=\"Article reference 72\" data-doi=\"10.1666\/10-162.1\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 72\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=New%20middle%20Eocene%20whales%20from%20the%20Pisco%20Basin%20of%20Peru&amp;journal=J.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1666%2F10-162.1&amp;volume=85&amp;pages=955-969&amp;publication_year=2011&amp;author=Uhen%2CMD&amp;author=Pyenson%2CND&amp;author=Devries%2CTJ&amp;author=Urbina%2CM&amp;author=Renne%2CPR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR73\">Uhen, M. D. &amp; Taylor, D. A basilosaurid archaeocete (Cetacea, Pelagiceti) from the Late Eocene of Oregon, USA. PeerJ 8, e9809 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.7717\/peerj.9809\" data-track-item_id=\"10.7717\/peerj.9809\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717%2Fpeerj.9809\" aria-label=\"Article reference 73\" data-doi=\"10.7717\/peerj.9809\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 73\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20basilosaurid%20archaeocete%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Pelagiceti%29%20from%20the%20Late%20Eocene%20of%20Oregon%2C%20USA&amp;journal=PeerJ&amp;doi=10.7717%2Fpeerj.9809&amp;volume=8&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Uhen%2CMD&amp;author=Taylor%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR74\">Bianucci, G. et al. A heavyweight early whale pushes the boundaries of vertebrate morphology. Nature 620, 824\u2013829 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41586-023-06381-1\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41586-023-06381-1\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41586-023-06381-1\" aria-label=\"Article reference 74\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41586-023-06381-1\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3sXhs1SltLnE\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 74\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 74\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20heavyweight%20early%20whale%20pushes%20the%20boundaries%20of%20vertebrate%20morphology&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41586-023-06381-1&amp;volume=620&amp;pages=824-829&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Bianucci%2CG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR75\">Mart\u00ednez-C\u00e1ceres, M., Lambert, O. &amp; De Muizon, C. The anatomy and phylogenetic affinities of Cynthiacetus peruvianus, a large Dorudon-like basilosaurid (Cetacea, Mammalia) from the late Eocene of Peru. Geodiversitas 39, 7\u2013163 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.5252\/g2017n1a1\" data-track-item_id=\"10.5252\/g2017n1a1\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5252%2Fg2017n1a1\" aria-label=\"Article reference 75\" data-doi=\"10.5252\/g2017n1a1\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 75\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20anatomy%20and%20phylogenetic%20affinities%20of%20Cynthiacetus%20peruvianus%2C%20a%20large%20Dorudon-like%20basilosaurid%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Mammalia%29%20from%20the%20late%20Eocene%20of%20Peru&amp;journal=Geodiversitas&amp;doi=10.5252%2Fg2017n1a1&amp;volume=39&amp;pages=7-163&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Mart%C3%ADnez-C%C3%A1ceres%2CM&amp;author=Lambert%2CO&amp;author=Muizon%2CC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR76\">Uhen, M. D. A review of North American Basilosauridae. Bull. Alabama Mus. Nat. Hist. 31, 1\u201345 (2013).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 76\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20review%20of%20North%20American%20Basilosauridae&amp;journal=Bull.%20Alabama%20Mus.%20Nat.%20Hist.&amp;volume=31&amp;pages=1-45&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Uhen%2CMD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR77\">Buchholtz, E. A. in The Emergence of Whales: Evolutionary Patterns in the Origin of Cetacea (ed. Thewissen J. G. M.) 325\u2013351 (Springer, 1998).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR78\">Uhen, M. D. Form, function, and anatomy of Dorudon atrox (Mammalia, Cetacea): an archaeocete from the middle to late Eocene of Egypt. Univ. Michigan Paper Paleontol. 34, 1\u2013222 (2004).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 78\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Form%2C%20function%2C%20and%20anatomy%20of%20Dorudon%20atrox%20%28Mammalia%2C%20Cetacea%29%3A%20an%20archaeocete%20from%20the%20middle%20to%20late%20Eocene%20of%20Egypt&amp;journal=Univ.%20Michigan%20Paper%20Paleontol.&amp;volume=34&amp;pages=1-222&amp;publication_year=2004&amp;author=Uhen%2CMD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR79\">Ekdale, E. G. &amp; Racicot, R. A. Anatomical evidence for low frequency sensitivity in an archaeocete whale: comparison of the inner ear of Zygorhiza kochii\u00a0with that of crown Mysticeti. J. Anat. 226, 22\u201339 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/joa.12253\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/joa.12253\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fjoa.12253\" aria-label=\"Article reference 79\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/joa.12253\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 79\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Anatomical%20evidence%20for%20low%20frequency%20sensitivity%20in%20an%20archaeocete%20whale%3A%20comparison%20of%20the%20inner%20ear%20of%20Zygorhiza%20kochii%C2%A0with%20that%20of%20crown%20Mysticeti&amp;journal=J.%20Anat.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fjoa.12253&amp;volume=226&amp;pages=22-39&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Ekdale%2CEG&amp;author=Racicot%2CRA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR80\">Mourlam, M. J. &amp; Orliac, M. J. Infrasonic and ultrasonic hearing evolved after the emergence of modern whales. Curr. Biol. 27, 1776\u20131781 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.04.061\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.04.061\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2017.04.061\" aria-label=\"Article reference 80\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.04.061\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXpvVWjurc%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 80\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 80\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Infrasonic%20and%20ultrasonic%20hearing%20evolved%20after%20the%20emergence%20of%20modern%20whales&amp;journal=Curr.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cub.2017.04.061&amp;volume=27&amp;pages=1776-1781&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Mourlam%2CMJ&amp;author=Orliac%2CMJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR81\">Kellogg, R. A review of the Archaeoceti. Carnegie Inst. Wash. Publ. 482, 1\u2013366 (1936).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 81\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20review%20of%20the%20Archaeoceti&amp;journal=Carnegie%20Inst.%20Wash.%20Publ.&amp;volume=482&amp;pages=1-366&amp;publication_year=1936&amp;author=Kellogg%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR82\">Voss, M., Antar, M. S. M., Zalmout, I. S. &amp; Gingerich, P. D. Stomach contents of the archaeocete Basilosaurus isis: apex predator in oceans of the late Eocene. PLoS ONE 14, e0209021 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209021\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209021\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0209021\" aria-label=\"Article reference 82\" data-doi=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0209021\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1MXmtFelt70%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 82\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 82\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Stomach%20contents%20of%20the%20archaeocete%20Basilosaurus%20isis%3A%20apex%20predator%20in%20oceans%20of%20the%20late%20Eocene&amp;journal=PLoS%20ONE&amp;doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0209021&amp;volume=14&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Voss%2CM&amp;author=Antar%2CMSM&amp;author=Zalmout%2CIS&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR83\">Buchholtz, E. A. Vertebral osteology and swimming style in living and fossil whales (Order: Cetacea). J. Zool. 253, 175\u2013190 (2001).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/S0952836901000164\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/S0952836901000164\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2FS0952836901000164\" aria-label=\"Article reference 83\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/S0952836901000164\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 83\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Vertebral%20osteology%20and%20swimming%20style%20in%20living%20and%20fossil%20whales%20%28Order%3A%20Cetacea%29&amp;journal=J.%20Zool.&amp;doi=10.1017%2FS0952836901000164&amp;volume=253&amp;pages=175-190&amp;publication_year=2001&amp;author=Buchholtz%2CEA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR84\">Snively, E., Fahlke, J. M. &amp; Welsh, R. C. Bone-breaking bite force of Basilosaurus isis\u00a0(Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Late Eocene of Egypt estimated by finite element analysis. PLoS ONE 10, e0118380 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118380\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118380\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0118380\" aria-label=\"Article reference 84\" data-doi=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0118380\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 84\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Bone-breaking%20bite%20force%20of%20Basilosaurus%20isis%C2%A0%28Mammalia%2C%20Cetacea%29%20from%20the%20Late%20Eocene%20of%20Egypt%20estimated%20by%20finite%20element%20analysis&amp;journal=PLoS%20ONE&amp;doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0118380&amp;volume=10&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Snively%2CE&amp;author=Fahlke%2CJM&amp;author=Welsh%2CRC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR85\">Gingerich, P. D., Amane, A. &amp; Zouhri, S. Skull and partial skeleton of a new pachycetine genus (Cetacea, Basilosauridae) from the Aridal Formation, Bartonian middle Eocene, of southwestern Morocco. PLoS ONE 17, e0276110 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0276110\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0276110\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0276110\" aria-label=\"Article reference 85\" data-doi=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0276110\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB38XivVSlsr%2FP\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 85\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 85\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Skull%20and%20partial%20skeleton%20of%20a%20new%20pachycetine%20genus%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Basilosauridae%29%20from%20the%20Aridal%20Formation%2C%20Bartonian%20middle%20Eocene%2C%20of%20southwestern%20Morocco&amp;journal=PLoS%20ONE&amp;doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0276110&amp;volume=17&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Gingerich%2CPD&amp;author=Amane%2CA&amp;author=Zouhri%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR86\">Motani, R. &amp; Pyenson, N. D. Downsizing a heavyweight: factors and methods that revise weight estimates of the giant fossil whale Perucetus colossus. PeerJ 12, e16978 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.7717\/peerj.16978\" data-track-item_id=\"10.7717\/peerj.16978\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717%2Fpeerj.16978\" aria-label=\"Article reference 86\" data-doi=\"10.7717\/peerj.16978\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 86\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Downsizing%20a%20heavyweight%3A%20factors%20and%20methods%20that%20revise%20weight%20estimates%20of%20the%20giant%20fossil%20whale%20Perucetus%20colossus&amp;journal=PeerJ&amp;doi=10.7717%2Fpeerj.16978&amp;volume=12&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Motani%2CR&amp;author=Pyenson%2CND\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR87\">Paul, G. S. &amp; Larramendi, A. Further trimming down the marine heavyweights: Perucetus colossus did not come close to, much less exceed, the tonnage of blue whales, and the latter are not ultra-sized either. Palaeontol. Electron. 28, 1\u201324 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 87\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Further%20trimming%20down%20the%20marine%20heavyweights%3A%20Perucetus%20colossus%20did%20not%20come%20close%20to%2C%20much%20less%20exceed%2C%20the%20tonnage%20of%20blue%20whales%2C%20and%20the%20latter%20are%20not%20ultra-sized%20either&amp;journal=Palaeontol.%20Electron.&amp;volume=28&amp;pages=1-24&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Paul%2CGS&amp;author=Larramendi%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR88\">De Muizon, C., Bianucci, G., Mart\u00ednez-C\u00e1ceres, M. &amp; Lambert, O. Mystacodon selenensis, the earliest known toothed mysticete (Cetacea, Mammalia) from the late Eocene of Peru: anatomy, phylogeny, and feeding adaptations. Geodiversitas 41, 401\u2013499 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.5252\/geodiversitas2019v41a11\" data-track-item_id=\"10.5252\/geodiversitas2019v41a11\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5252%2Fgeodiversitas2019v41a11\" aria-label=\"Article reference 88\" data-doi=\"10.5252\/geodiversitas2019v41a11\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 88\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Mystacodon%20selenensis%2C%20the%20earliest%20known%20toothed%20mysticete%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Mammalia%29%20from%20the%20late%20Eocene%20of%20Peru%3A%20anatomy%2C%20phylogeny%2C%20and%20feeding%20adaptations&amp;journal=Geodiversitas&amp;doi=10.5252%2Fgeodiversitas2019v41a11&amp;volume=41&amp;pages=401-499&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Muizon%2CC&amp;author=Bianucci%2CG&amp;author=Mart%C3%ADnez-C%C3%A1ceres%2CM&amp;author=Lambert%2CO\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR89\">Fordyce, R. E. &amp; Marx, F. G. Gigantism precedes filter feeding in baleen whale evolution. Curr. Biol. 28, 1670\u20131676 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.04.027\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.04.027\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2018.04.027\" aria-label=\"Article reference 89\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.04.027\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXptlyrsLs%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 89\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 89\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Gigantism%20precedes%20filter%20feeding%20in%20baleen%20whale%20evolution&amp;journal=Curr.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cub.2018.04.027&amp;volume=28&amp;pages=1670-1676&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE&amp;author=Marx%2CFG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR90\">Marx, F. G. et al. Gigantic mysticete predators roamed the Eocene Southern Ocean. Antarctic Sci. 31, 98\u2013104 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/S095410201800055X\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/S095410201800055X\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2FS095410201800055X\" aria-label=\"Article reference 90\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/S095410201800055X\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 90\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Gigantic%20mysticete%20predators%20roamed%20the%20Eocene%20Southern%20Ocean&amp;journal=Antarctic%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1017%2FS095410201800055X&amp;volume=31&amp;pages=98-104&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Marx%2CFG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR91\">Marx, F. G. &amp; Campbell, H. J. First record of the Eocene baleen whale Llanocetus\u00a0outside Antarctica. Acta Palaeontol. Pol.\u00a070, 705\u2013708 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.4202\/app.01271.2025\" data-track-item_id=\"10.4202\/app.01271.2025\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4202%2Fapp.01271.2025\" aria-label=\"Article reference 91\" data-doi=\"10.4202\/app.01271.2025\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 91\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=First%20record%20of%20the%20Eocene%20baleen%20whale%20Llanocetus%C2%A0outside%20Antarctica&amp;journal=Acta%20Palaeontol.%20Pol.&amp;doi=10.4202%2Fapp.01271.2025&amp;volume=70&amp;pages=705-708&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Marx%2CFG&amp;author=Campbell%2CHJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR92\">Mitchell, E. D. A new cetacean from the late Eocene La Meseta formation Seymour Island, Antarctic peninsula. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 46, 2219\u20132235 (1989).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1139\/f89-273\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1139\/f89-273\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1139%2Ff89-273\" aria-label=\"Article reference 92\" data-doi=\"10.1139\/f89-273\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 92\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20cetacean%20from%20the%20late%20Eocene%20La%20Meseta%20formation%20Seymour%20Island%2C%20Antarctic%20peninsula&amp;journal=Can.%20J.%20Fish.%20Aquat.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1139%2Ff89-273&amp;volume=46&amp;pages=2219-2235&amp;publication_year=1989&amp;author=Mitchell%2CED\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR93\">Tsai, C.-H. &amp; Kohno, N. Multiple origins of gigantism in stem baleen whales. Sci. Nat. 103, 89 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s00114-016-1417-5\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s00114-016-1417-5\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s00114-016-1417-5\" aria-label=\"Article reference 93\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s00114-016-1417-5\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 93\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Multiple%20origins%20of%20gigantism%20in%20stem%20baleen%20whales&amp;journal=Sci.%20Nat.&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs00114-016-1417-5&amp;volume=103&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Tsai%2CC-H&amp;author=Kohno%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR94\">Davydenko, S., M\u00f6rs, T. &amp; Gol\u2019din, P. A small whale reveals diversity of the Eocene cetacean fauna of Antarctica. Antarctic Sci. 33, 81\u201388 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/S0954102020000516\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/S0954102020000516\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2FS0954102020000516\" aria-label=\"Article reference 94\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/S0954102020000516\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 94\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20small%20whale%20reveals%20diversity%20of%20the%20Eocene%20cetacean%20fauna%20of%20Antarctica&amp;journal=Antarctic%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1017%2FS0954102020000516&amp;volume=33&amp;pages=81-88&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Davydenko%2CS&amp;author=M%C3%B6rs%2CT&amp;author=Gol%E2%80%99din%2CP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR95\">Tsai, C.-H., Goedert, J. L. &amp; Boessenecker, R. W. The oldest mysticete in the northern hemisphere. Curr. Biol. 34, 1794\u20131800 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2024.03.011\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2024.03.011\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2024.03.011\" aria-label=\"Article reference 95\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2024.03.011\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB2cXns1Kkur8%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 95\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 95\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20oldest%20mysticete%20in%20the%20northern%20hemisphere&amp;journal=Curr.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cub.2024.03.011&amp;volume=34&amp;pages=1794-1800&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Tsai%2CC-H&amp;author=Goedert%2CJL&amp;author=Boessenecker%2CRW\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR96\">Barnes, L. The earliest known echolocating toothed whales (Mammalia; Odontoceti): preliminary observations of fossils from Washington State. Mesa Southwest. Mus. Bull. 8, 91 (2001).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 96\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20earliest%20known%20echolocating%20toothed%20whales%20%28Mammalia%3B%20Odontoceti%29%3A%20preliminary%20observations%20of%20fossils%20from%20Washington%20State&amp;journal=Mesa%20Southwest.%20Mus.%20Bull.&amp;volume=8&amp;publication_year=2001&amp;author=Barnes%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR97\">Velez-Juarbe, J. New heterodont odontocetes from the Oligocene Pysht Formation in Washington State, USA, and a reevaluation of Simocetidae (Cetacea, Odontoceti). PeerJ 11, e15576 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.7717\/peerj.15576\" data-track-item_id=\"10.7717\/peerj.15576\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717%2Fpeerj.15576\" aria-label=\"Article reference 97\" data-doi=\"10.7717\/peerj.15576\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 97\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=New%20heterodont%20odontocetes%20from%20the%20Oligocene%20Pysht%20Formation%20in%20Washington%20State%2C%20USA%2C%20and%20a%20reevaluation%20of%20Simocetidae%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Odontoceti%29&amp;journal=PeerJ&amp;doi=10.7717%2Fpeerj.15576&amp;volume=11&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Velez-Juarbe%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR98\">Westerhold, T. et al. An astronomically dated record of Earth\u2019s climate and its predictability over the last 66\u2009million\u2009years. Science 369, 1383\u20131387 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/science.aba6853\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/science.aba6853\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fscience.aba6853\" aria-label=\"Article reference 98\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/science.aba6853\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXhsl2ksbzP\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 98\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 98\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=An%20astronomically%20dated%20record%20of%20Earth%E2%80%99s%20climate%20and%20its%20predictability%20over%20the%20last%2066%E2%80%89million%E2%80%89years&amp;journal=Science&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fscience.aba6853&amp;volume=369&amp;pages=1383-1387&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Westerhold%2CT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR99\">Smith, K. M., Hastings, A. K., Bebej, R. M. &amp; Uhen, M. D. Biogeographic, stratigraphic, and environmental distribution of Basilosaurus\u00a0(Mammalia, Cetacea) in North America with a review of the late Eocene shoreline in the southeastern coastal plain. J. Paleontol. 96, 439\u2013451 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/jpa.2021.90\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/jpa.2021.90\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2Fjpa.2021.90\" aria-label=\"Article reference 99\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/jpa.2021.90\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 99\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Biogeographic%2C%20stratigraphic%2C%20and%20environmental%20distribution%20of%20Basilosaurus%C2%A0%28Mammalia%2C%20Cetacea%29%20in%20North%20America%20with%20a%20review%20of%20the%20late%20Eocene%20shoreline%20in%20the%20southeastern%20coastal%20plain&amp;journal=J.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1017%2Fjpa.2021.90&amp;volume=96&amp;pages=439-451&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Smith%2CKM&amp;author=Hastings%2CAK&amp;author=Bebej%2CRM&amp;author=Uhen%2CMD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR100\">Corrie, J. E. &amp; Fordyce, R. E. A new genus and species of kekenodontid from the late Oligocene of New Zealand with comments on the evolution of tooth displacement in Cetacea. J. R. Soc. N. Z. 54, 722\u2013737 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/03036758.2023.2297696\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/03036758.2023.2297696\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F03036758.2023.2297696\" aria-label=\"Article reference 100\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/03036758.2023.2297696\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 100\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20genus%20and%20species%20of%20kekenodontid%20from%20the%20late%20Oligocene%20of%20New%20Zealand%20with%20comments%20on%20the%20evolution%20of%20tooth%20displacement%20in%20Cetacea&amp;journal=J.%20R.%20Soc.%20N.%20Z.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F03036758.2023.2297696&amp;volume=54&amp;pages=722-737&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Corrie%2CJE&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR101\">Corrie, J. E. &amp; Fordyce, R. E. A redescription and re-evaluation of Kekenodon onamata (Mammalia: Cetacea), a late-surviving archaeocete from the Late Oligocene of New Zealand. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 196, 1637\u20131670 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zlac019\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zlac019\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fzoolinnean%2Fzlac019\" aria-label=\"Article reference 101\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zlac019\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 101\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20redescription%20and%20re-evaluation%20of%20Kekenodon%20onamata%20%28Mammalia%3A%20Cetacea%29%2C%20a%20late-surviving%20archaeocete%20from%20the%20Late%20Oligocene%20of%20New%20Zealand&amp;journal=Zool.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fzoolinnean%2Fzlac019&amp;volume=196&amp;pages=1637-1670&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Corrie%2CJE&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR102\">Hern\u00e1ndez-Cisneros, A. E. &amp; Tsai, C.-H. A possible enigmatic kekenodontid (Cetacea, Kekenodontidae) from the Oligocene of Mexico. Paleontol. Mex. 5, 147\u2013155 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.22201\/igl.05437652e.2016.5.2.212\" data-track-item_id=\"10.22201\/igl.05437652e.2016.5.2.212\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.22201%2Figl.05437652e.2016.5.2.212\" aria-label=\"Article reference 102\" data-doi=\"10.22201\/igl.05437652e.2016.5.2.212\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 102\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20possible%20enigmatic%20kekenodontid%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Kekenodontidae%29%20from%20the%20Oligocene%20of%20Mexico&amp;journal=Paleontol.%20Mex.&amp;doi=10.22201%2Figl.05437652e.2016.5.2.212&amp;volume=5&amp;pages=147-155&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Hern%C3%A1ndez-Cisneros%2CAE&amp;author=Tsai%2CC-H\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR103\">Katz, M. E. et al. Impact of Antarctic Circumpolar Current development on late Paleogene ocean structure. Science 332, 1076\u20131079 (2011).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/science.1202122\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/science.1202122\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fscience.1202122\" aria-label=\"Article reference 103\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/science.1202122\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXmsVans7s%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 103\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 103\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Impact%20of%20Antarctic%20Circumpolar%20Current%20development%20on%20late%20Paleogene%20ocean%20structure&amp;journal=Science&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fscience.1202122&amp;volume=332&amp;pages=1076-1079&amp;publication_year=2011&amp;author=Katz%2CME\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR104\">Scher, H. D. et al. Onset of Antarctic Circumpolar Current 30\u2009million\u2009years ago as Tasmanian Gateway aligned with westerlies. Nature 523, 580\u2013583 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/nature14598\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/nature14598\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fnature14598\" aria-label=\"Article reference 104\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/nature14598\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2MXht1Kiu77M\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 104\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 104\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Onset%20of%20Antarctic%20Circumpolar%20Current%2030%E2%80%89million%E2%80%89years%20ago%20as%20Tasmanian%20Gateway%20aligned%20with%20westerlies&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fnature14598&amp;volume=523&amp;pages=580-583&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Scher%2CHD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR105\">Fordyce, R. E. The development of the Circum-Antarctic Current and the evolution of the Mysticeti (Mammalia: Cetacea). Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 21, 265\u2013271 (1977).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/0031-0182(77)90038-4\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/0031-0182(77)90038-4\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2F0031-0182%2877%2990038-4\" aria-label=\"Article reference 105\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/0031-0182(77)90038-4\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 105\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20development%20of%20the%20Circum-Antarctic%20Current%20and%20the%20evolution%20of%20the%20Mysticeti%20%28Mammalia%3A%20Cetacea%29&amp;journal=Palaeogeogr.%20Palaeoclimatol.%20Palaeoecol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2F0031-0182%2877%2990038-4&amp;volume=21&amp;pages=265-271&amp;publication_year=1977&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR106\">Fordyce, R. E. Whale evolution and Oligocene southern ocean environments. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 31, 319\u2013336 (1980).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/0031-0182(80)90024-3\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/0031-0182(80)90024-3\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2F0031-0182%2880%2990024-3\" aria-label=\"Article reference 106\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/0031-0182(80)90024-3\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 106\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Whale%20evolution%20and%20Oligocene%20southern%20ocean%20environments&amp;journal=Palaeogeogr.%20Palaeoclimatol.%20Palaeoecol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2F0031-0182%2880%2990024-3&amp;volume=31&amp;pages=319-336&amp;publication_year=1980&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR107\">Evangelinos, D. et al. Late Miocene onset of the modern Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Nat. Geosci. 17, 165\u2013170 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41561-023-01356-3\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41561-023-01356-3\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41561-023-01356-3\" aria-label=\"Article reference 107\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41561-023-01356-3\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB2cXhvVaqurc%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 107\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 107\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Late%20Miocene%20onset%20of%20the%20modern%20Antarctic%20Circumpolar%20Current&amp;journal=Nat.%20Geosci.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41561-023-01356-3&amp;volume=17&amp;pages=165-170&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Evangelinos%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR108\">Hill, D. J. et al. Paleogeographic controls on the onset of the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. Geophys. Res. Lett. 40, 5199\u20135204 (2013).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/grl.50941\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1002\/grl.50941\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2Fgrl.50941\" aria-label=\"Article reference 108\" data-doi=\"10.1002\/grl.50941\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 108\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Paleogeographic%20controls%20on%20the%20onset%20of%20the%20Antarctic%20Circumpolar%20Current&amp;journal=Geophys.%20Res.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fgrl.50941&amp;volume=40&amp;pages=5199-5204&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Hill%2CDJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR109\">Fitzgerald, E. M. A bizarre new toothed mysticete (Cetacea) from Australia and the early evolution of baleen whales. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 273, 2955\u20132963 (2006).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rspb.2006.3664\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rspb.2006.3664\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frspb.2006.3664\" aria-label=\"Article reference 109\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rspb.2006.3664\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 109\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20bizarre%20new%20toothed%20mysticete%20%28Cetacea%29%20from%20Australia%20and%20the%20early%20evolution%20of%20baleen%20whales&amp;journal=Proc.%20R.%20Soc.%20B%20Biol.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frspb.2006.3664&amp;volume=273&amp;pages=2955-2963&amp;publication_year=2006&amp;author=Fitzgerald%2CEM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR110\">Fitzgerald, E. M. The morphology and systematics of Mammalodon colliveri (Cetacea: Mysticeti), a toothed mysticete from the Oligocene of Australia. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 158, 367\u2013476 (2010).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2009.00572.x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2009.00572.x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2009.00572.x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 110\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2009.00572.x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 110\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20morphology%20and%20systematics%20of%20Mammalodon%20colliveri%20%28Cetacea%3A%20Mysticeti%29%2C%20a%20toothed%20mysticete%20from%20the%20Oligocene%20of%20Australia&amp;journal=Zool.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2009.00572.x&amp;volume=158&amp;pages=367-476&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Fitzgerald%2CEM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR111\">Duncan, R. J. et al. An immature toothed mysticete from the Oligocene of Australia and insights into mammalodontid (Cetacea: Mysticeti) morphology, systematics, and ontogeny. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 204, zlaf090 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zlaf090\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zlaf090\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fzoolinnean%2Fzlaf090\" aria-label=\"Article reference 111\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zlaf090\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 111\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=An%20immature%20toothed%20mysticete%20from%20the%20Oligocene%20of%20Australia%20and%20insights%20into%20mammalodontid%20%28Cetacea%3A%20Mysticeti%29%20morphology%2C%20systematics%2C%20and%20ontogeny&amp;journal=Zool.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fzoolinnean%2Fzlaf090&amp;volume=204&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Duncan%2CRJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR112\">Fordyce, R. E. &amp; Marx, F. G. Mysticetes baring their teeth: a new fossil whale, \u2018Mammalodon hakataramea\u2019, from the Southwest Pacific. Mem. Mus. Vic. 74, 107\u2013116 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.24199\/j.mmv.2016.74.11\" data-track-item_id=\"10.24199\/j.mmv.2016.74.11\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24199%2Fj.mmv.2016.74.11\" aria-label=\"Article reference 112\" data-doi=\"10.24199\/j.mmv.2016.74.11\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 112\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Mysticetes%20baring%20their%20teeth%3A%20a%20new%20fossil%20whale%2C%20%E2%80%98Mammalodon%20hakataramea%E2%80%99%2C%20from%20the%20Southwest%20Pacific&amp;journal=Mem.%20Mus.%20Vic.&amp;doi=10.24199%2Fj.mmv.2016.74.11&amp;volume=74&amp;pages=107-116&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE&amp;author=Marx%2CFG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR113\">Geisler, J. H., Boessenecker, R. W., Brown, M. &amp; Beatty, B. L. The origin of filter feeding in whales. Curr. Biol. 27, 2036\u20132042 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.06.003\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.06.003\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2017.06.003\" aria-label=\"Article reference 113\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.06.003\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhtFSmsbrN\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 113\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 113\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20origin%20of%20filter%20feeding%20in%20whales&amp;journal=Curr.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cub.2017.06.003&amp;volume=27&amp;pages=2036-2042&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Geisler%2CJH&amp;author=Boessenecker%2CRW&amp;author=Brown%2CM&amp;author=Beatty%2CBL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR114\">Boessenecker, R. W., Beatty, B. L. &amp; Geisler, J. H. New specimens and species of the Oligocene toothed baleen whale Coronodonfrom South Carolina and the origin of Neoceti. PeerJ 11, e14795 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.7717\/peerj.14795\" data-track-item_id=\"10.7717\/peerj.14795\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717%2Fpeerj.14795\" aria-label=\"Article reference 114\" data-doi=\"10.7717\/peerj.14795\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 114\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=New%20specimens%20and%20species%20of%20the%20Oligocene%20toothed%20baleen%20whale%20Coronodonfrom%20South%20Carolina%20and%20the%20origin%20of%20Neoceti&amp;journal=PeerJ&amp;doi=10.7717%2Fpeerj.14795&amp;volume=11&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Boessenecker%2CRW&amp;author=Beatty%2CBL&amp;author=Geisler%2CJH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR115\">Demere, T. A. &amp; Berta, A. Skull anatomy of the Oligocene toothed mysticete Aetioceus weltoni (Mammalia; Cetacea): implications for mysticete evolution and functional anatomy. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 154, 308\u2013352 (2008).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2008.00414.x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2008.00414.x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2008.00414.x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 115\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2008.00414.x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 115\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Skull%20anatomy%20of%20the%20Oligocene%20toothed%20mysticete%20Aetioceus%20weltoni%20%28Mammalia%3B%20Cetacea%29%3A%20implications%20for%20mysticete%20evolution%20and%20functional%20anatomy&amp;journal=Zool.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2008.00414.x&amp;volume=154&amp;pages=308-352&amp;publication_year=2008&amp;author=Demere%2CTA&amp;author=Berta%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR116\">Hernandez Cisneros, A. E. &amp; Velez-Juarbe, J. Palaeobiogeography of the North Pacific toothed mysticetes (Cetacea, Aetiocetidae): a key to Oligocene cetacean distributional patterns. Palaeontology 64, 51\u201361 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/pala.12507\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/pala.12507\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fpala.12507\" aria-label=\"Article reference 116\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/pala.12507\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 116\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Palaeobiogeography%20of%20the%20North%20Pacific%20toothed%20mysticetes%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Aetiocetidae%29%3A%20a%20key%20to%20Oligocene%20cetacean%20distributional%20patterns&amp;journal=Palaeontology&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fpala.12507&amp;volume=64&amp;pages=51-61&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Hernandez%20Cisneros%2CAE&amp;author=Velez-Juarbe%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR117\">Hern\u00e1ndez Cisneros, A. E. &amp; Velez-Juarbe, J. Morphology of the toothed mysticete Fucaia goedertorum\u00a0and a reassessment of Aetiocetidae (Cetacea, Mysticeti). J. Vertebr. Paleontol. 44, e2436924 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/02724634.2024.2436924\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/02724634.2024.2436924\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F02724634.2024.2436924\" aria-label=\"Article reference 117\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/02724634.2024.2436924\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 117\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Morphology%20of%20the%20toothed%20mysticete%20Fucaia%20goedertorum%C2%A0and%20a%20reassessment%20of%20Aetiocetidae%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Mysticeti%29&amp;journal=J.%20Vertebr.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F02724634.2024.2436924&amp;volume=44&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Hern%C3%A1ndez%20Cisneros%2CAE&amp;author=Velez-Juarbe%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR118\">V\u00e9lez-Juarbe, J. A new stem odontocete from the late Oligocene Pysht Formation in Washington State, USA. J. Vertebr. Paleontol. 37, e1366916 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/02724634.2017.1366916\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/02724634.2017.1366916\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F02724634.2017.1366916\" aria-label=\"Article reference 118\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/02724634.2017.1366916\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 118\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20stem%20odontocete%20from%20the%20late%20Oligocene%20Pysht%20Formation%20in%20Washington%20State%2C%20USA&amp;journal=J.%20Vertebr.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F02724634.2017.1366916&amp;volume=37&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=V%C3%A9lez-Juarbe%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR119\">Uhen, M. D. A new Xenorophus-like odontocete cetacean from the Oligocene of North Carolina and a discussion of the basal odontocete radiation. J. Syst. Palaeontol. 6, 433\u2013452 (2008).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/S1477201908002472\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/S1477201908002472\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2FS1477201908002472\" aria-label=\"Article reference 119\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/S1477201908002472\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 119\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20Xenorophus-like%20odontocete%20cetacean%20from%20the%20Oligocene%20of%20North%20Carolina%20and%20a%20discussion%20of%20the%20basal%20odontocete%20radiation&amp;journal=J.%20Syst.%20Palaeontol.&amp;doi=10.1017%2FS1477201908002472&amp;volume=6&amp;pages=433-452&amp;publication_year=2008&amp;author=Uhen%2CMD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR120\">Boessenecker, R. W., Fraser, D., Churchill, M. &amp; Geisler, J. H. A toothless dwarf dolphin (Odontoceti: Xenorophidae) points to explosive feeding diversification of modern whales (Neoceti). Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 284, 20170531 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rspb.2017.0531\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rspb.2017.0531\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frspb.2017.0531\" aria-label=\"Article reference 120\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rspb.2017.0531\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 120\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20toothless%20dwarf%20dolphin%20%28Odontoceti%3A%20Xenorophidae%29%20points%20to%20explosive%20feeding%20diversification%20of%20modern%20whales%20%28Neoceti%29&amp;journal=Proc.%20R.%20Soc.%20B%20Biol.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frspb.2017.0531&amp;volume=284&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Boessenecker%2CRW&amp;author=Fraser%2CD&amp;author=Churchill%2CM&amp;author=Geisler%2CJH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR121\">Geisler, J. H., Colbert, M. W. &amp; Carew, J. L. A new fossil species supports an early origin for toothed whale echolocation. Nature 508, 383\u2013386 (2014).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/nature13086\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/nature13086\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fnature13086\" aria-label=\"Article reference 121\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/nature13086\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXmtlSrurg%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 121\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 121\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20fossil%20species%20supports%20an%20early%20origin%20for%20toothed%20whale%20echolocation&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fnature13086&amp;volume=508&amp;pages=383-386&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Geisler%2CJH&amp;author=Colbert%2CMW&amp;author=Carew%2CJL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR122\">Sanders, A. E. &amp; Geisler, J. H. A new basal odontocete from the upper Rupelian of South Carolina, USA, with contributions to the systematics of Xenorophus\u00a0and Mirocetus\u00a0(Mammalia, Cetacea). J. Vertebr. Paleontol. 35, e890107 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/02724634.2014.890107\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/02724634.2014.890107\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F02724634.2014.890107\" aria-label=\"Article reference 122\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/02724634.2014.890107\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 122\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20basal%20odontocete%20from%20the%20upper%20Rupelian%20of%20South%20Carolina%2C%20USA%2C%20with%20contributions%20to%20the%20systematics%20of%20Xenorophus%C2%A0and%20Mirocetus%C2%A0%28Mammalia%2C%20Cetacea%29&amp;journal=J.%20Vertebr.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F02724634.2014.890107&amp;volume=35&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Sanders%2CAE&amp;author=Geisler%2CJH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR123\">Boessenecker, R. W. &amp; Geisler, J. H. New skeletons of the ancient dolphin Xenorophus sloanii and Xenorophus simplicidens sp. nov. (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the Oligocene of South Carolina and the ontogeny, functional anatomy, asymmetry, pathology, and evolution of the earliest Odontoceti. Diversity 15, 1154 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/d15111154\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/d15111154\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fd15111154\" aria-label=\"Article reference 123\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/d15111154\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 123\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=New%20skeletons%20of%20the%20ancient%20dolphin%20Xenorophus%20sloanii%20and%20Xenorophus%20simplicidens%20sp.%20nov.%20%28Mammalia%2C%20Cetacea%29%20from%20the%20Oligocene%20of%20South%20Carolina%20and%20the%20ontogeny%2C%20functional%20anatomy%2C%20asymmetry%2C%20pathology%2C%20and%20evolution%20of%20the%20earliest%20Odontoceti&amp;journal=Diversity&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fd15111154&amp;volume=15&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Boessenecker%2CRW&amp;author=Geisler%2CJH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR124\">Mchedlidze, G. A. Nekotorye Obshchie Cherty Istorii Kitoobraznykh [in Russian] (Metsniereba, 1970).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR125\">Boessenecker, R. W. &amp; Geisler, J. H. New records of the archaic dolphin Agorophius (Mammalia: Cetacea) from the upper Oligocene Chandler Bridge Formation of South Carolina, USA. PeerJ 6, e5290 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.7717\/peerj.5290\" data-track-item_id=\"10.7717\/peerj.5290\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717%2Fpeerj.5290\" aria-label=\"Article reference 125\" data-doi=\"10.7717\/peerj.5290\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 125\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=New%20records%20of%20the%20archaic%20dolphin%20Agorophius%20%28Mammalia%3A%20Cetacea%29%20from%20the%20upper%20Oligocene%20Chandler%20Bridge%20Formation%20of%20South%20Carolina%2C%20USA&amp;journal=PeerJ&amp;doi=10.7717%2Fpeerj.5290&amp;volume=6&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Boessenecker%2CRW&amp;author=Geisler%2CJH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR126\">Dubrovo, I. A. &amp; Sanders, A. E. A new species of Patriocetus (Mammalia, Cetacea) from the late Oligocene of Kazakhstan. J. Vertebr. Paleontol. 20, 577\u2013590 (2000).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1671\/0272-4634(2000)020[0577:ANSOPM]2.0.CO;2\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1671\/0272-4634(2000)020[0577:ANSOPM]2.0.CO;2\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1671%2F0272-4634%282000%29020%5B0577%3AANSOPM%5D2.0.CO%3B2\" aria-label=\"Article reference 126\" data-doi=\"10.1671\/0272-4634(2000)020[0577:ANSOPM]2.0.CO;2\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 126\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20species%20of%20Patriocetus%20%28Mammalia%2C%20Cetacea%29%20from%20the%20late%20Oligocene%20of%20Kazakhstan&amp;journal=J.%20Vertebr.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1671%2F0272-4634%282000%29020%5B0577%3AANSOPM%5D2.0.CO%3B2&amp;volume=20&amp;pages=577-590&amp;publication_year=2000&amp;author=Dubrovo%2CIA&amp;author=Sanders%2CAE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR127\">Fordyce, R. E. Systematics of the odontocete whale Agorophius pygmaeus and the Family Agorophidae (Mammalia: Cetacea). J. Paleontol. 55, 1028\u20131045 (1981).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 127\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Systematics%20of%20the%20odontocete%20whale%20Agorophius%20pygmaeus%20and%20the%20Family%20Agorophidae%20%28Mammalia%3A%20Cetacea%29&amp;journal=J.%20Paleontol&amp;volume=55&amp;pages=1028-1045&amp;publication_year=1981&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR128\">Godfrey, S. J., Uhen, M. D., Osborne, J. E. &amp; Edwards, L. E. A new specimen of Agorophius pygmaeus (Agorophiidae, Odontoceti, Cetacea) from the early Oligocene Ashley formation of South Carolina, USA. J. Paleontol. 90, 154\u2013169 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/jpa.2016.4\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/jpa.2016.4\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2Fjpa.2016.4\" aria-label=\"Article reference 128\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/jpa.2016.4\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 128\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20specimen%20of%20Agorophius%20pygmaeus%20%28Agorophiidae%2C%20Odontoceti%2C%20Cetacea%29%20from%20the%20early%20Oligocene%20Ashley%20formation%20of%20South%20Carolina%2C%20USA&amp;journal=J.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1017%2Fjpa.2016.4&amp;volume=90&amp;pages=154-169&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Godfrey%2CSJ&amp;author=Uhen%2CMD&amp;author=Osborne%2CJE&amp;author=Edwards%2CLE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR129\">Goedert, J. L., Squires, R. L. &amp; Barnes, L. G. Paleoecology of whale-fall habitats from deep-water Oligocene rocks, Olympic Peninsula, Washington State. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 118, 151\u2013158 (1995).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/0031-0182(94)00139-Y\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/0031-0182(94)00139-Y\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2F0031-0182%2894%2900139-Y\" aria-label=\"Article reference 129\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/0031-0182(94)00139-Y\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 129\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Paleoecology%20of%20whale-fall%20habitats%20from%20deep-water%20Oligocene%20rocks%2C%20Olympic%20Peninsula%2C%20Washington%20State&amp;journal=Palaeogeogr.%20Palaeoclimatol.%20Palaeoecol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2F0031-0182%2894%2900139-Y&amp;volume=118&amp;pages=151-158&amp;publication_year=1995&amp;author=Goedert%2CJL&amp;author=Squires%2CRL&amp;author=Barnes%2CLG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR130\">Sawamura, H., Kimura, M., Barnes, L. G. &amp; Furusawa, H. Late Oligocene Cetacea from Ashoro-Cho, Hokkaido, Japan; the fauna and its ecologic implications. Paleontol. Soc. Spec. Publ. 8, 342\u2013342 (1996).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 130\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Late%20Oligocene%20Cetacea%20from%20Ashoro-Cho%2C%20Hokkaido%2C%20Japan%3B%20the%20fauna%20and%20its%20ecologic%20implications&amp;journal=Paleontol.%20Soc.%20Spec.%20Publ.&amp;volume=8&amp;pages=342-342&amp;publication_year=1996&amp;author=Sawamura%2CH&amp;author=Kimura%2CM&amp;author=Barnes%2CLG&amp;author=Furusawa%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR131\">Tsai, C.-H. In search of the origin of crown Mysticeti. J. R. Soc. N. Zealand 54, 682\u2013695 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/03036758.2023.2249410\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/03036758.2023.2249410\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F03036758.2023.2249410\" aria-label=\"Article reference 131\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/03036758.2023.2249410\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 131\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=In%20search%20of%20the%20origin%20of%20crown%20Mysticeti&amp;journal=J.%20R.%20Soc.%20N.%20Zealand&amp;doi=10.1080%2F03036758.2023.2249410&amp;volume=54&amp;pages=682-695&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Tsai%2CC-H\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR132\">Berta, A., Lanzetti, A., Ekdale, E. G. &amp; Dem\u00e9r\u00e9, T. A. From teeth to baleen and raptorial to bulk filter feeding in mysticete cetaceans: the role of paleontological, genetic, and geochemical data in feeding evolution and ecology. Integr. Comp. Biol. 56, 1271\u20131284 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/icb\/icw128\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/icb\/icw128\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Ficb%2Ficw128\" aria-label=\"Article reference 132\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/icb\/icw128\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 132\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=From%20teeth%20to%20baleen%20and%20raptorial%20to%20bulk%20filter%20feeding%20in%20mysticete%20cetaceans%3A%20the%20role%20of%20paleontological%2C%20genetic%2C%20and%20geochemical%20data%20in%20feeding%20evolution%20and%20ecology&amp;journal=Integr.%20Comp.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Ficb%2Ficw128&amp;volume=56&amp;pages=1271-1284&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Berta%2CA&amp;author=Lanzetti%2CA&amp;author=Ekdale%2CEG&amp;author=Dem%C3%A9r%C3%A9%2CTA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR133\">Gatesy, J. et al. Anatomical, ontogenetic, and genomic homologies guide reconstructions of the teeth-to-baleen transition in mysticete whales. J. Mamm. Evol. 29, 891\u2013930 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s10914-022-09614-8\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s10914-022-09614-8\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s10914-022-09614-8\" aria-label=\"Article reference 133\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s10914-022-09614-8\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 133\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Anatomical%2C%20ontogenetic%2C%20and%20genomic%20homologies%20guide%20reconstructions%20of%20the%20teeth-to-baleen%20transition%20in%20mysticete%20whales&amp;journal=J.%20Mamm.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs10914-022-09614-8&amp;volume=29&amp;pages=891-930&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Gatesy%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR134\">Geisler, J. H., Beatty, B. L. &amp; Boessenecker, R. W. New evidence of the feeding behaviors of Coronodonand the origin of filter feeding in mysticetes (Mammalia: Cetacea) revisited. Diversity 16, 549 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/d16090549\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/d16090549\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fd16090549\" aria-label=\"Article reference 134\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/d16090549\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 134\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=New%20evidence%20of%20the%20feeding%20behaviors%20of%20Coronodonand%20the%20origin%20of%20filter%20feeding%20in%20mysticetes%20%28Mammalia%3A%20Cetacea%29%20revisited&amp;journal=Diversity&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fd16090549&amp;volume=16&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Geisler%2CJH&amp;author=Beatty%2CBL&amp;author=Boessenecker%2CRW\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR135\">Dem\u00e9r\u00e9, T. A., McGowen, M. R., Berta, A. &amp; Gatesy, J. Morphological and molecular evidence for a stepwise evolutionary transition from teeth to baleen in mysticete whales. Syst. Biol. 57, 15\u201337 (2008).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/10635150701884632\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/10635150701884632\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F10635150701884632\" aria-label=\"Article reference 135\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/10635150701884632\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 135\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Morphological%20and%20molecular%20evidence%20for%20a%20stepwise%20evolutionary%20transition%20from%20teeth%20to%20baleen%20in%20mysticete%20whales&amp;journal=Syst.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F10635150701884632&amp;volume=57&amp;pages=15-37&amp;publication_year=2008&amp;author=Dem%C3%A9r%C3%A9%2CTA&amp;author=McGowen%2CMR&amp;author=Berta%2CA&amp;author=Gatesy%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR136\">Ekdale, E. G. &amp; Dem\u00e9r\u00e9, T. A. Neurovascular evidence for a co-occurrence of teeth and baleen in an Oligocene mysticete and the transition to filter-feeding in baleen whales. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 194, 395\u2013415 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zlab017\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zlab017\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fzoolinnean%2Fzlab017\" aria-label=\"Article reference 136\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zlab017\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 136\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Neurovascular%20evidence%20for%20a%20co-occurrence%20of%20teeth%20and%20baleen%20in%20an%20Oligocene%20mysticete%20and%20the%20transition%20to%20filter-feeding%20in%20baleen%20whales&amp;journal=Zool.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fzoolinnean%2Fzlab017&amp;volume=194&amp;pages=395-415&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Ekdale%2CEG&amp;author=Dem%C3%A9r%C3%A9%2CTA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR137\">Ekdale, E. G. et al. Lateral palatal foramina are not widespread in Artiodactyla and imply baleen in extinct mysticetes. Sci. Rep. 14, 10174 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41598-024-60673-8\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41598-024-60673-8\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41598-024-60673-8\" aria-label=\"Article reference 137\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41598-024-60673-8\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB2cXht1Ojt73F\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 137\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 137\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Lateral%20palatal%20foramina%20are%20not%20widespread%20in%20Artiodactyla%20and%20imply%20baleen%20in%20extinct%20mysticetes&amp;journal=Sci.%20Rep.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41598-024-60673-8&amp;volume=14&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Ekdale%2CEG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR138\">Hocking, D. P., Marx, F. G., Park, T., Fitzgerald, E. M. &amp; Evans, A. R. A behavioural framework for the evolution of feeding in predatory aquatic mammals. Proc. Biol. Sci. 284, 20162750 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 138\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20behavioural%20framework%20for%20the%20evolution%20of%20feeding%20in%20predatory%20aquatic%20mammals&amp;journal=Proc.%20Biol.%20Sci.&amp;volume=284&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Hocking%2CDP&amp;author=Marx%2CFG&amp;author=Park%2CT&amp;author=Fitzgerald%2CEM&amp;author=Evans%2CAR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR139\">Hocking, D. P., Marx, F. G., Park, T., Fitzgerald, E. M. G. &amp; Evans, A. R. Reply to comment by Kienle et al. 2017. Proc. Biol. Sci. 284, 20171836 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 139\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Reply%20to%20comment%20by%20Kienle%20et%20al.%202017&amp;journal=Proc.%20Biol.%20Sci.&amp;volume=284&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Hocking%2CDP&amp;author=Marx%2CFG&amp;author=Park%2CT&amp;author=Fitzgerald%2CEMG&amp;author=Evans%2CAR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR140\">Marx, F. G. et al. Suction causes novel tooth wear in marine mammals, with implications for feeding evolution in baleen whales. J. Mamm. Evol. 30, 493\u2013505 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s10914-022-09645-1\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s10914-022-09645-1\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s10914-022-09645-1\" aria-label=\"Article reference 140\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s10914-022-09645-1\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 140\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Suction%20causes%20novel%20tooth%20wear%20in%20marine%20mammals%2C%20with%20implications%20for%20feeding%20evolution%20in%20baleen%20whales&amp;journal=J.%20Mamm.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs10914-022-09645-1&amp;volume=30&amp;pages=493-505&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Marx%2CFG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR141\">Marx, F. G. et al. Suction feeding preceded filtering in baleen whale evolution. Mem. Mus. Vic. 75, 71\u201382 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.24199\/j.mmv.2016.75.04\" data-track-item_id=\"10.24199\/j.mmv.2016.75.04\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.24199%2Fj.mmv.2016.75.04\" aria-label=\"Article reference 141\" data-doi=\"10.24199\/j.mmv.2016.75.04\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 141\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Suction%20feeding%20preceded%20filtering%20in%20baleen%20whale%20evolution&amp;journal=Mem.%20Mus.%20Vic.&amp;doi=10.24199%2Fj.mmv.2016.75.04&amp;volume=75&amp;pages=71-82&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Marx%2CFG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR142\">Peredo, C. M., Pyenson, N. D., Marshall, C. D. &amp; Uhen, M. D. Tooth loss precedes the origin of baleen in whales. Curr. Biol. 28, 3992\u20134000 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.10.047\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.10.047\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2018.10.047\" aria-label=\"Article reference 142\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2018.10.047\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC1cXitlKmu7jK\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 142\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 142\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Tooth%20loss%20precedes%20the%20origin%20of%20baleen%20in%20whales&amp;journal=Curr.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cub.2018.10.047&amp;volume=28&amp;pages=3992-4000&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Peredo%2CCM&amp;author=Pyenson%2CND&amp;author=Marshall%2CCD&amp;author=Uhen%2CMD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR143\">Peredo, C. M., Pyenson, N. D. &amp; Boersma, A. T. Decoupling tooth loss from the evolution of baleen in whales. Front. Mar. Sci. 4, 67 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3389\/fmars.2017.00067\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3389\/fmars.2017.00067\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3389%2Ffmars.2017.00067\" aria-label=\"Article reference 143\" data-doi=\"10.3389\/fmars.2017.00067\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 143\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Decoupling%20tooth%20loss%20from%20the%20evolution%20of%20baleen%20in%20whales&amp;journal=Front.%20Mar.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.3389%2Ffmars.2017.00067&amp;volume=4&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Peredo%2CCM&amp;author=Pyenson%2CND&amp;author=Boersma%2CAT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR144\">Hocking, D. P., Marx, F. G., Fitzgerald, E. M. &amp; Evans, A. R. Ancient whales did not filter feed with their teeth. Biol. Lett. 13, 20170348 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2017.0348\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2017.0348\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frsbl.2017.0348\" aria-label=\"Article reference 144\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2017.0348\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 144\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Ancient%20whales%20did%20not%20filter%20feed%20with%20their%20teeth&amp;journal=Biol.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frsbl.2017.0348&amp;volume=13&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Hocking%2CDP&amp;author=Marx%2CFG&amp;author=Fitzgerald%2CEM&amp;author=Evans%2CAR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR145\">Boessenecker, R. W. &amp; Fordyce, R. E. A new eomysticetid (Mammalia: Cetacea) from the Late Oligocene of New Zealand and a re-evaluation of \u2018Mauicetus\u2019 waitakiensis. Pap. Palaeontol. 1, 107\u2013140 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/spp2.1005\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1002\/spp2.1005\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2Fspp2.1005\" aria-label=\"Article reference 145\" data-doi=\"10.1002\/spp2.1005\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 145\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20eomysticetid%20%28Mammalia%3A%20Cetacea%29%20from%20the%20Late%20Oligocene%20of%20New%20Zealand%20and%20a%20re-evaluation%20of%20%E2%80%98Mauicetus%E2%80%99%20waitakiensis&amp;journal=Pap.%20Palaeontol.&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fspp2.1005&amp;volume=1&amp;pages=107-140&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Boessenecker%2CRW&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR146\">Boessenecker, R. W. &amp; Fordyce, R. E. Anatomy, feeding ecology, and ontogeny of a transitional baleen whale: a new genus and species of Eomysticetidae (Mammalia: Cetacea) from the Oligocene of New Zealand. PeerJ 3, e1129 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.7717\/peerj.1129\" data-track-item_id=\"10.7717\/peerj.1129\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717%2Fpeerj.1129\" aria-label=\"Article reference 146\" data-doi=\"10.7717\/peerj.1129\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 146\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Anatomy%2C%20feeding%20ecology%2C%20and%20ontogeny%20of%20a%20transitional%20baleen%20whale%3A%20a%20new%20genus%20and%20species%20of%20Eomysticetidae%20%28Mammalia%3A%20Cetacea%29%20from%20the%20Oligocene%20of%20New%20Zealand&amp;journal=PeerJ&amp;doi=10.7717%2Fpeerj.1129&amp;volume=3&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Boessenecker%2CRW&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR147\">Lindberg, D. R. &amp; Pyenson, N. D. Things that go bump in the night: evolutionary interactions between cephalopods and cetaceans in the tertiary. Lethaia 40, 335\u2013343 (2007).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/j.1502-3931.2007.00032.x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/j.1502-3931.2007.00032.x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1502-3931.2007.00032.x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 147\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/j.1502-3931.2007.00032.x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 147\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Things%20that%20go%20bump%20in%20the%20night%3A%20evolutionary%20interactions%20between%20cephalopods%20and%20cetaceans%20in%20the%20tertiary&amp;journal=Lethaia&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fj.1502-3931.2007.00032.x&amp;volume=40&amp;pages=335-343&amp;publication_year=2007&amp;author=Lindberg%2CDR&amp;author=Pyenson%2CND\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR148\">Park, T., Fitzgerald, E. M. &amp; Evans, A. R. Ultrasonic hearing and echolocation in the earliest toothed whales. Biol. Lett. 12, 20160060 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2016.0060\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2016.0060\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frsbl.2016.0060\" aria-label=\"Article reference 148\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2016.0060\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 148\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Ultrasonic%20hearing%20and%20echolocation%20in%20the%20earliest%20toothed%20whales&amp;journal=Biol.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frsbl.2016.0060&amp;volume=12&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Park%2CT&amp;author=Fitzgerald%2CEM&amp;author=Evans%2CAR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR149\">Churchill, M., Martinez-Caceres, M., de Muizon, C., Mnieckowski, J. &amp; Geisler, J. H. The origin of high-frequency hearing in whales. Curr. Biol. 26, 2144\u20132149 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.06.004\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.06.004\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2016.06.004\" aria-label=\"Article reference 149\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2016.06.004\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XhtlSgsL7K\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 149\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 149\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20origin%20of%20high-frequency%20hearing%20in%20whales&amp;journal=Curr.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cub.2016.06.004&amp;volume=26&amp;pages=2144-2149&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Churchill%2CM&amp;author=Martinez-Caceres%2CM&amp;author=Muizon%2CC&amp;author=Mnieckowski%2CJ&amp;author=Geisler%2CJH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR150\">Racicot, R. A., Boessenecker, R. W., Darroch, S. A. &amp; Geisler, J. H. Evidence for convergent evolution of ultrasonic hearing in toothed whales (Cetacea: Odontoceti). Biol. Lett. 15, 20190083 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2019.0083\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2019.0083\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frsbl.2019.0083\" aria-label=\"Article reference 150\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2019.0083\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 150\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Evidence%20for%20convergent%20evolution%20of%20ultrasonic%20hearing%20in%20toothed%20whales%20%28Cetacea%3A%20Odontoceti%29&amp;journal=Biol.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frsbl.2019.0083&amp;volume=15&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Racicot%2CRA&amp;author=Boessenecker%2CRW&amp;author=Darroch%2CSA&amp;author=Geisler%2CJH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR151\">Park, T., Evans, A. R., Gallagher, S. J. &amp; Fitzgerald, E. M. Low-frequency hearing preceded the evolution of giant body size and filter feeding in baleen whales. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 284, 20162528 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rspb.2016.2528\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rspb.2016.2528\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frspb.2016.2528\" aria-label=\"Article reference 151\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rspb.2016.2528\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 151\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Low-frequency%20hearing%20preceded%20the%20evolution%20of%20giant%20body%20size%20and%20filter%20feeding%20in%20baleen%20whales&amp;journal=Proc.%20R.%20Soc.%20B%20Biol.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frspb.2016.2528&amp;volume=284&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Park%2CT&amp;author=Evans%2CAR&amp;author=Gallagher%2CSJ&amp;author=Fitzgerald%2CEM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR152\">Ritsche, I. S. et al. Relationships of cochlear coiling shape and hearing frequencies in cetaceans, and the occurrence of infrasonic hearing in Miocene Mysticeti. Foss. Rec. 21, 33\u201345 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.5194\/fr-21-33-2018\" data-track-item_id=\"10.5194\/fr-21-33-2018\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5194%2Ffr-21-33-2018\" aria-label=\"Article reference 152\" data-doi=\"10.5194\/fr-21-33-2018\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 152\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Relationships%20of%20cochlear%20coiling%20shape%20and%20hearing%20frequencies%20in%20cetaceans%2C%20and%20the%20occurrence%20of%20infrasonic%20hearing%20in%20Miocene%20Mysticeti&amp;journal=Foss.%20Rec.&amp;doi=10.5194%2Ffr-21-33-2018&amp;volume=21&amp;pages=33-45&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Ritsche%2CIS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR153\">Serio, C. et al. Macroevolution of toothed whales exceptional relative brain size. Evolut. Biol. 46, 332\u2013342 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s11692-019-09485-7\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s11692-019-09485-7\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s11692-019-09485-7\" aria-label=\"Article reference 153\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s11692-019-09485-7\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 153\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Macroevolution%20of%20toothed%20whales%20exceptional%20relative%20brain%20size&amp;journal=Evolut.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs11692-019-09485-7&amp;volume=46&amp;pages=332-342&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Serio%2CC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR154\">Waugh, D. A. &amp; Thewissen, J. G. M. The pattern of brain-size change in the early evolution of cetaceans. PLoS ONE 16, e0257803 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257803\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257803\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0257803\" aria-label=\"Article reference 154\" data-doi=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0257803\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXitF2lurvE\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 154\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 154\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20pattern%20of%20brain-size%20change%20in%20the%20early%20evolution%20of%20cetaceans&amp;journal=PLoS%20ONE&amp;doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0257803&amp;volume=16&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Waugh%2CDA&amp;author=Thewissen%2CJGM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR155\">Mccurry, M. R. et al. Brain size evolution in whales and dolphins: new data from fossil mysticetes. Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 133, 990\u2013998 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/biolinnean\/blab054\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/biolinnean\/blab054\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fbiolinnean%2Fblab054\" aria-label=\"Article reference 155\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/biolinnean\/blab054\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 155\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Brain%20size%20evolution%20in%20whales%20and%20dolphins%3A%20new%20data%20from%20fossil%20mysticetes&amp;journal=Biol.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fbiolinnean%2Fblab054&amp;volume=133&amp;pages=990-998&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Mccurry%2CMR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR156\">Greenop, R. et al. Orbital forcing, ice volume, and CO2 across the Oligocene\u2013Miocene transition. Paleoceanogr. Paleoclimatol. 34, 316\u2013328 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1029\/2018PA003420\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1029\/2018PA003420\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1029%2F2018PA003420\" aria-label=\"Article reference 156\" data-doi=\"10.1029\/2018PA003420\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 156\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Orbital%20forcing%2C%20ice%20volume%2C%20and%20CO2%20across%20the%20Oligocene%E2%80%93Miocene%20transition&amp;journal=Paleoceanogr.%20Paleoclimatol.&amp;doi=10.1029%2F2018PA003420&amp;volume=34&amp;pages=316-328&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Greenop%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR157\">Hyeong, K. et al. Southward shift of the Intertropical Convergence Zone due to northern hemisphere cooling at the Oligocene\u2013Miocene boundary. Geology 42, 667\u2013670 (2014).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1130\/G35664.1\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1130\/G35664.1\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1130%2FG35664.1\" aria-label=\"Article reference 157\" data-doi=\"10.1130\/G35664.1\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXhs1yitLbK\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 157\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 157\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Southward%20shift%20of%20the%20Intertropical%20Convergence%20Zone%20due%20to%20northern%20hemisphere%20cooling%20at%20the%20Oligocene%E2%80%93Miocene%20boundary&amp;journal=Geology&amp;doi=10.1130%2FG35664.1&amp;volume=42&amp;pages=667-670&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Hyeong%2CK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR158\">Marx, F. G., Fitzgerald, E. M. &amp; Fordyce, R. E. Like phoenix from the ashes: how modern baleen whales arose from a fossil \u201cdark age\u201d. Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 64, 231\u2013238 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.4202\/app.00575.2018\" data-track-item_id=\"10.4202\/app.00575.2018\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4202%2Fapp.00575.2018\" aria-label=\"Article reference 158\" data-doi=\"10.4202\/app.00575.2018\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 158\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Like%20phoenix%20from%20the%20ashes%3A%20how%20modern%20baleen%20whales%20arose%20from%20a%20fossil%20%E2%80%9Cdark%20age%E2%80%9D&amp;journal=Acta%20Palaeontol.%20Pol.&amp;doi=10.4202%2Fapp.00575.2018&amp;volume=64&amp;pages=231-238&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Marx%2CFG&amp;author=Fitzgerald%2CEM&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR159\">Marx, F. G., Coste, A., Richards, M. D., Palin, J. M. &amp; Fordyce, R. E. Strontium isotopes reveal a globally unique assemblage of Early Miocene baleen whales. J. R. Soc. N. Z. 54, 711\u2013721 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/03036758.2023.2278732\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/03036758.2023.2278732\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F03036758.2023.2278732\" aria-label=\"Article reference 159\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/03036758.2023.2278732\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 159\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Strontium%20isotopes%20reveal%20a%20globally%20unique%20assemblage%20of%20Early%20Miocene%20baleen%20whales&amp;journal=J.%20R.%20Soc.%20N.%20Z.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F03036758.2023.2278732&amp;volume=54&amp;pages=711-721&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Marx%2CFG&amp;author=Coste%2CA&amp;author=Richards%2CMD&amp;author=Palin%2CJM&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR160\">Bisconti, M. et al. A new fossil from the Late Miocene of Piedmont (north-western Italy) sheds light on the evolution of the Cetotheriidae (Mammalia: Cetacea: Mysticeti). J. Syst. Palaeontol. 23, 2540310 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/14772019.2025.2540310\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/14772019.2025.2540310\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F14772019.2025.2540310\" aria-label=\"Article reference 160\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/14772019.2025.2540310\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 160\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20fossil%20from%20the%20Late%20Miocene%20of%20Piedmont%20%28north-western%20Italy%29%20sheds%20light%20on%20the%20evolution%20of%20the%20Cetotheriidae%20%28Mammalia%3A%20Cetacea%3A%20Mysticeti%29&amp;journal=J.%20Syst.%20Palaeontol.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F14772019.2025.2540310&amp;volume=23&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Bisconti%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR161\">Marx, F. G. &amp; Fordyce, R. E. Baleen boom and bust: a synthesis of mysticete phylogeny, diversity and disparity. R. Soc. Open. Sci. 2, 140434 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rsos.140434\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rsos.140434\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frsos.140434\" aria-label=\"Article reference 161\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rsos.140434\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 161\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Baleen%20boom%20and%20bust%3A%20a%20synthesis%20of%20mysticete%20phylogeny%2C%20diversity%20and%20disparity&amp;journal=R.%20Soc.%20Open.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frsos.140434&amp;volume=2&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Marx%2CFG&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR162\">Tanaka, Y. &amp; Fordyce, R. Papahu-like fossil dolphin from Kaikoura, New Zealand, helps to fill the Early Miocene gap in the history of Odontoceti. N. Z. J. Geol. Geophysics 59, 551\u2013567 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/00288306.2016.1211540\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/00288306.2016.1211540\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F00288306.2016.1211540\" aria-label=\"Article reference 162\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/00288306.2016.1211540\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC28XhsVCntLvP\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 162\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 162\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Papahu-like%20fossil%20dolphin%20from%20Kaikoura%2C%20New%20Zealand%2C%20helps%20to%20fill%20the%20Early%20Miocene%20gap%20in%20the%20history%20of%20Odontoceti&amp;journal=N.%20Z.%20J.%20Geol.%20Geophysics&amp;doi=10.1080%2F00288306.2016.1211540&amp;volume=59&amp;pages=551-567&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Tanaka%2CY&amp;author=Fordyce%2CR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR163\">Bianucci, G., de Muizon, C., Urbina, M. &amp; Lambert, O. Extensive diversity and disparity of the Early Miocene platanistoids (Cetacea, Odontoceti) in the southeastern Pacific (Chilcatay Formation, Peru). Life 10, 27 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/life10030027\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/life10030027\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Flife10030027\" aria-label=\"Article reference 163\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/life10030027\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3cXitVSntLvM\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 163\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 163\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Extensive%20diversity%20and%20disparity%20of%20the%20Early%20Miocene%20platanistoids%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Odontoceti%29%20in%20the%20southeastern%20Pacific%20%28Chilcatay%20Formation%2C%20Peru%29&amp;journal=Life&amp;doi=10.3390%2Flife10030027&amp;volume=10&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Bianucci%2CG&amp;author=Muizon%2CC&amp;author=Urbina%2CM&amp;author=Lambert%2CO\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR164\">Gaet\u00e1n, C. M., Buono, M. R. &amp; Gaetano, L. C. Prosqualodon australis (Cetacea: Odontoceti) from the early Miocene of Patagonia, Argentina: redescription and phylogenetic analysis. Ameghiniana 56, 1\u201327 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.5710\/AMGH.21.11.2018.3208\" data-track-item_id=\"10.5710\/AMGH.21.11.2018.3208\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5710%2FAMGH.21.11.2018.3208\" aria-label=\"Article reference 164\" data-doi=\"10.5710\/AMGH.21.11.2018.3208\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 164\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Prosqualodon%20australis%20%28Cetacea%3A%20Odontoceti%29%20from%20the%20early%20Miocene%20of%20Patagonia%2C%20Argentina%3A%20redescription%20and%20phylogenetic%20analysis&amp;journal=Ameghiniana&amp;doi=10.5710%2FAMGH.21.11.2018.3208&amp;volume=56&amp;pages=1-27&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Gaet%C3%A1n%2CCM&amp;author=Buono%2CMR&amp;author=Gaetano%2CLC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR165\">Gaet\u00e1n, C. M., Buono, M. R., Tanaka, Y., Farroni, N. D. &amp; Milano, V. N. Echoes from the Miocene: tracing the anatomy and phylogeny of Prosqualodon australis (Cetacea: Odontoceti). J. Syst. Palaeontol. 23, 2455753 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/14772019.2025.2455753\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/14772019.2025.2455753\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F14772019.2025.2455753\" aria-label=\"Article reference 165\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/14772019.2025.2455753\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 165\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Echoes%20from%20the%20Miocene%3A%20tracing%20the%20anatomy%20and%20phylogeny%20of%20Prosqualodon%20australis%20%28Cetacea%3A%20Odontoceti%29&amp;journal=J.%20Syst.%20Palaeontol.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F14772019.2025.2455753&amp;volume=23&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Gaet%C3%A1n%2CCM&amp;author=Buono%2CMR&amp;author=Tanaka%2CY&amp;author=Farroni%2CND&amp;author=Milano%2CVN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR166\">Gaet\u00e1n, C. M., Paolucci, F. &amp; Buono, M. R. A new squaloziphiid-like odontocete from the Early Miocene of Patagonia expands the cetacean diversity in the southwestern Atlantic Ocean. J. Vertebrate Paleontol. 42, e2232425 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/02724634.2023.2232425\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/02724634.2023.2232425\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F02724634.2023.2232425\" aria-label=\"Article reference 166\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/02724634.2023.2232425\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 166\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20squaloziphiid-like%20odontocete%20from%20the%20Early%20Miocene%20of%20Patagonia%20expands%20the%20cetacean%20diversity%20in%20the%20southwestern%20Atlantic%20Ocean&amp;journal=J.%20Vertebrate%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F02724634.2023.2232425&amp;volume=42&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Gaet%C3%A1n%2CCM&amp;author=Paolucci%2CF&amp;author=Buono%2CMR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR167\">Lambert, O., de Muizon, C., Bennion, R. F., Urbina, M. &amp; Bianucci, G. New data on archaic homodont odontocetes from the Early Miocene of Peru reveal a second species of Chilcacetus Lambert, Muizon &amp; Bianucci, 2015 and a southern hemisphere record for a northeastern Pacific species. Geodiversitas 47, 369\u2013408 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.5252\/geodiversitas2025v47a9\" data-track-item_id=\"10.5252\/geodiversitas2025v47a9\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5252%2Fgeodiversitas2025v47a9\" aria-label=\"Article reference 167\" data-doi=\"10.5252\/geodiversitas2025v47a9\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 167\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=New%20data%20on%20archaic%20homodont%20odontocetes%20from%20the%20Early%20Miocene%20of%20Peru%20reveal%20a%20second%20species%20of%20Chilcacetus%20Lambert%2C%20Muizon%20%26%20Bianucci%2C%202015%20and%20a%20southern%20hemisphere%20record%20for%20a%20northeastern%20Pacific%20species&amp;journal=Geodiversitas&amp;doi=10.5252%2Fgeodiversitas2025v47a9&amp;volume=47&amp;pages=369-408&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Lambert%2CO&amp;author=Muizon%2CC&amp;author=Bennion%2CRF&amp;author=Urbina%2CM&amp;author=Bianucci%2CG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR168\">Viglino, M., Buono, M. R., Fordyce, R. E., Cuiti\u00f1o, J. I. &amp; Fitzgerald, E. M. Anatomy and phylogeny of the large shark-toothed dolphin Phoberodon arctirostris\u00a0Cabrera, 1926 (Cetacea: Odontoceti) from the early Miocene of Patagonia (Argentina). Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 185, 511\u2013542 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zly053\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zly053\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fzoolinnean%2Fzly053\" aria-label=\"Article reference 168\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/zoolinnean\/zly053\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 168\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Anatomy%20and%20phylogeny%20of%20the%20large%20shark-toothed%20dolphin%20Phoberodon%20arctirostris%C2%A0Cabrera%2C%201926%20%28Cetacea%3A%20Odontoceti%29%20from%20the%20early%20Miocene%20of%20Patagonia%20%28Argentina%29&amp;journal=Zool.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fzoolinnean%2Fzly053&amp;volume=185&amp;pages=511-542&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Viglino%2CM&amp;author=Buono%2CMR&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE&amp;author=Cuiti%C3%B1o%2CJI&amp;author=Fitzgerald%2CEM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR169\">Viglino, M., Buono, M. R., Gutstein, C., Cozzuol, M. A. &amp; Cuiti\u00f1o, J. I. A new dolphin from the early Miocene of Patagonia, Argentina: insights into the evolution of Platanistoidea in the southern hemisphere. Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 63, 261\u2013277 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.4202\/app.00441.2017\" data-track-item_id=\"10.4202\/app.00441.2017\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4202%2Fapp.00441.2017\" aria-label=\"Article reference 169\" data-doi=\"10.4202\/app.00441.2017\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 169\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20dolphin%20from%20the%20early%20Miocene%20of%20Patagonia%2C%20Argentina%3A%20insights%20into%20the%20evolution%20of%20Platanistoidea%20in%20the%20southern%20hemisphere&amp;journal=Acta%20Palaeontol.%20Pol.&amp;doi=10.4202%2Fapp.00441.2017&amp;volume=63&amp;pages=261-277&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Viglino%2CM&amp;author=Buono%2CMR&amp;author=Gutstein%2CC&amp;author=Cozzuol%2CMA&amp;author=Cuiti%C3%B1o%2CJI\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR170\">Viglino, M., Gaet\u00e1n, C. M., Cuiti\u00f1o, J. I. &amp; Buono, M. R. First toothless platanistoid from the early Miocene of Patagonia: the golden age of diversification of the Odontoceti. J. Mamm. Evol. 28, 337\u2013358 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s10914-020-09505-w\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s10914-020-09505-w\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s10914-020-09505-w\" aria-label=\"Article reference 170\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s10914-020-09505-w\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 170\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=First%20toothless%20platanistoid%20from%20the%20early%20Miocene%20of%20Patagonia%3A%20the%20golden%20age%20of%20diversification%20of%20the%20Odontoceti&amp;journal=J.%20Mamm.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs10914-020-09505-w&amp;volume=28&amp;pages=337-358&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Viglino%2CM&amp;author=Gaet%C3%A1n%2CCM&amp;author=Cuiti%C3%B1o%2CJI&amp;author=Buono%2CMR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR171\">Bianucci, G. &amp; Landini, W. Change in diversity, ecological significance and biogeographical relationships of the Mediterranean Miocene toothed whale fauna. Geobios 35, 19\u201328 (2002).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/S0016-6995(02)00045-1\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/S0016-6995(02)00045-1\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2FS0016-6995%2802%2900045-1\" aria-label=\"Article reference 171\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/S0016-6995(02)00045-1\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 171\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Change%20in%20diversity%2C%20ecological%20significance%20and%20biogeographical%20relationships%20of%20the%20Mediterranean%20Miocene%20toothed%20whale%20fauna&amp;journal=Geobios&amp;doi=10.1016%2FS0016-6995%2802%2900045-1&amp;volume=35&amp;pages=19-28&amp;publication_year=2002&amp;author=Bianucci%2CG&amp;author=Landini%2CW\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR172\">Lambert, O., Bianucci, G. &amp; Beatty, B. L. Bony outgrowths on the jaws of an extinct sperm whale support macroraptorial feeding in several stem physeteroids. Naturwissenschaften 101, 517\u2013521 (2014).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s00114-014-1182-2\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s00114-014-1182-2\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s00114-014-1182-2\" aria-label=\"Article reference 172\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s00114-014-1182-2\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2cXnvVWmsLs%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 172\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 172\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Bony%20outgrowths%20on%20the%20jaws%20of%20an%20extinct%20sperm%20whale%20support%20macroraptorial%20feeding%20in%20several%20stem%20physeteroids&amp;journal=Naturwissenschaften&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs00114-014-1182-2&amp;volume=101&amp;pages=517-521&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Lambert%2CO&amp;author=Bianucci%2CG&amp;author=Beatty%2CBL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR173\">Lambert, O. et al. No deep diving: evidence of predation on epipelagic fish for a stem beaked whale from the Late Miocene of Peru. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 282, 20151530 (2015).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rspb.2015.1530\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rspb.2015.1530\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frspb.2015.1530\" aria-label=\"Article reference 173\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rspb.2015.1530\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 173\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=No%20deep%20diving%3A%20evidence%20of%20predation%20on%20epipelagic%20fish%20for%20a%20stem%20beaked%20whale%20from%20the%20Late%20Miocene%20of%20Peru&amp;journal=Proc.%20R.%20Soc.%20B%20Biol.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frspb.2015.1530&amp;volume=282&amp;publication_year=2015&amp;author=Lambert%2CO\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR174\">McGowen, M. R. et al. Phylogenomic resolution of the cetacean tree of life using target sequence capture. Syst. Biol. 69, 479\u2013501 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/sysbio\/syz068\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/sysbio\/syz068\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fsysbio%2Fsyz068\" aria-label=\"Article reference 174\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/sysbio\/syz068\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXpvFamsQ%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 174\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 174\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Phylogenomic%20resolution%20of%20the%20cetacean%20tree%20of%20life%20using%20target%20sequence%20capture&amp;journal=Syst.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fsysbio%2Fsyz068&amp;volume=69&amp;pages=479-501&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=McGowen%2CMR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR175\">Lambert, O., Bianucci, G. &amp; De Muizon, C. Macroraptorial sperm whales (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Physeteroidea) from the Miocene of Peru. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 179, 404\u2013474 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 175\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Macroraptorial%20sperm%20whales%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Odontoceti%2C%20Physeteroidea%29%20from%20the%20Miocene%20of%20Peru&amp;journal=Zool.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;volume=179&amp;pages=404-474&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Lambert%2CO&amp;author=Bianucci%2CG&amp;author=Muizon%2CC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR176\">McCurry, M. R. &amp; Pyenson, N. D. Hyper-longirostry and kinematic disparity in extinct toothed whales. Paleobiology 45, 21\u201329 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/pab.2018.33\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/pab.2018.33\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2Fpab.2018.33\" aria-label=\"Article reference 176\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/pab.2018.33\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 176\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Hyper-longirostry%20and%20kinematic%20disparity%20in%20extinct%20toothed%20whales&amp;journal=Paleobiology&amp;doi=10.1017%2Fpab.2018.33&amp;volume=45&amp;pages=21-29&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=McCurry%2CMR&amp;author=Pyenson%2CND\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR177\">Lambert, O. &amp; Goolaerts, S. Late Miocene survival of a hyper-longirostrine dolphin and the Neogene to recent evolution of rostrum proportions among odontocetes. J. Mamm. Evol. 29, 99\u2013111 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s10914-021-09573-6\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s10914-021-09573-6\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s10914-021-09573-6\" aria-label=\"Article reference 177\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s10914-021-09573-6\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 177\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Late%20Miocene%20survival%20of%20a%20hyper-longirostrine%20dolphin%20and%20the%20Neogene%20to%20recent%20evolution%20of%20rostrum%20proportions%20among%20odontocetes&amp;journal=J.%20Mamm.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs10914-021-09573-6&amp;volume=29&amp;pages=99-111&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Lambert%2CO&amp;author=Goolaerts%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR178\">Benites-Palomino, A. et al. The largest freshwater odontocete: a South Asian river dolphin relative from the proto-Amazonia. Sci. Adv. 10, eadk6320 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/sciadv.adk6320\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/sciadv.adk6320\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fsciadv.adk6320\" aria-label=\"Article reference 178\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/sciadv.adk6320\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 178\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20largest%20freshwater%20odontocete%3A%20a%20South%20Asian%20river%20dolphin%20relative%20from%20the%20proto-Amazonia&amp;journal=Sci.%20Adv.&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fsciadv.adk6320&amp;volume=10&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Benites-Palomino%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR179\">Zachos, J., Pagani, M., Sloan, L., Thomas, E. &amp; Billups, K. Trends, rhythms, and aberrations in global climate 65\u2009Ma to present. science 292, 686\u2013693 (2001).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/science.1059412\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/science.1059412\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fscience.1059412\" aria-label=\"Article reference 179\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/science.1059412\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3MXjt1els78%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 179\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 179\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Trends%2C%20rhythms%2C%20and%20aberrations%20in%20global%20climate%2065%E2%80%89Ma%20to%20present&amp;journal=science&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fscience.1059412&amp;volume=292&amp;pages=686-693&amp;publication_year=2001&amp;author=Zachos%2CJ&amp;author=Pagani%2CM&amp;author=Sloan%2CL&amp;author=Thomas%2CE&amp;author=Billups%2CK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR180\">Lambert, O. et al. The giant bite of a new raptorial sperm whale from the Miocene epoch of Peru. Nature 466, 105\u2013108 (2010).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/nature09067\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/nature09067\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fnature09067\" aria-label=\"Article reference 180\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/nature09067\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXot1Wrsro%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 180\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 180\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20giant%20bite%20of%20a%20new%20raptorial%20sperm%20whale%20from%20the%20Miocene%20epoch%20of%20Peru&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fnature09067&amp;volume=466&amp;pages=105-108&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Lambert%2CO\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR181\">Watmore, K. I., Prothero, D. R. &amp; Madan Richards, M. Gigantic macroraptorial sperm whale tooth from the Miocene of Orange County, California. Mar. Mammal. Sci. 41, e70036 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/mms.70036\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/mms.70036\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fmms.70036\" aria-label=\"Article reference 181\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/mms.70036\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 181\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Gigantic%20macroraptorial%20sperm%20whale%20tooth%20from%20the%20Miocene%20of%20Orange%20County%2C%20California&amp;journal=Mar.%20Mammal.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fmms.70036&amp;volume=41&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Watmore%2CKI&amp;author=Prothero%2CDR&amp;author=Madan%20Richards%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR182\">Lloyd, G. T. &amp; Slater, G. J. A total-group phylogenetic metatree for Cetacea and the importance of fossil data in diversification analyses. Syst. Biol. 70, 922\u2013939 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/sysbio\/syab002\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/sysbio\/syab002\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fsysbio%2Fsyab002\" aria-label=\"Article reference 182\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/sysbio\/syab002\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 182\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20total-group%20phylogenetic%20metatree%20for%20Cetacea%20and%20the%20importance%20of%20fossil%20data%20in%20diversification%20analyses&amp;journal=Syst.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fsysbio%2Fsyab002&amp;volume=70&amp;pages=922-939&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Lloyd%2CGT&amp;author=Slater%2CGJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR183\">Flower, B. P. &amp; Kennett, J. P. The middle Miocene climatic transition: East Antarctic ice sheet development, deep ocean circulation and global carbon cycling. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 108, 537\u2013555 (1994).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/0031-0182(94)90251-8\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/0031-0182(94)90251-8\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2F0031-0182%2894%2990251-8\" aria-label=\"Article reference 183\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/0031-0182(94)90251-8\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 183\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20middle%20Miocene%20climatic%20transition%3A%20East%20Antarctic%20ice%20sheet%20development%2C%20deep%20ocean%20circulation%20and%20global%20carbon%20cycling&amp;journal=Palaeogeogr.%20Palaeoclimatol.%20Palaeoecol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2F0031-0182%2894%2990251-8&amp;volume=108&amp;pages=537-555&amp;publication_year=1994&amp;author=Flower%2CBP&amp;author=Kennett%2CJP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR184\">Steeman, M. E. et al. Radiation of extant cetaceans driven by restructuring of the oceans. Syst. Biol. 58, 573\u2013585 (2009).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/sysbio\/syp060\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/sysbio\/syp060\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fsysbio%2Fsyp060\" aria-label=\"Article reference 184\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/sysbio\/syp060\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 184\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Radiation%20of%20extant%20cetaceans%20driven%20by%20restructuring%20of%20the%20oceans&amp;journal=Syst.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fsysbio%2Fsyp060&amp;volume=58&amp;pages=573-585&amp;publication_year=2009&amp;author=Steeman%2CME\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR185\">McGowen, M. R., Spaulding, M. &amp; Gatesy, J. Divergence date estimation and a comprehensive molecular tree of extant cetaceans. Mol. Phyl. Evol. 53, 891\u2013906 (2009).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.ympev.2009.08.018\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.ympev.2009.08.018\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2009.08.018\" aria-label=\"Article reference 185\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.ympev.2009.08.018\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BD1MXhsVymsLjE\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 185\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 185\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Divergence%20date%20estimation%20and%20a%20comprehensive%20molecular%20tree%20of%20extant%20cetaceans&amp;journal=Mol.%20Phyl.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2009.08.018&amp;volume=53&amp;pages=891-906&amp;publication_year=2009&amp;author=McGowen%2CMR&amp;author=Spaulding%2CM&amp;author=Gatesy%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR186\">Gillet, A., Fr\u00e9d\u00e9rich, B. &amp; Parmentier, E. Divergent evolutionary morphology of the axial skeleton as a potential key innovation in modern cetaceans. Proc. R. Soc. B 286, 20191771 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rspb.2019.1771\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rspb.2019.1771\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frspb.2019.1771\" aria-label=\"Article reference 186\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rspb.2019.1771\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 186\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Divergent%20evolutionary%20morphology%20of%20the%20axial%20skeleton%20as%20a%20potential%20key%20innovation%20in%20modern%20cetaceans&amp;journal=Proc.%20R.%20Soc.%20B&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frspb.2019.1771&amp;volume=286&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Gillet%2CA&amp;author=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9rich%2CB&amp;author=Parmentier%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR187\">Berger, W. H. Cenozoic cooling, Antarctic nutrient pump, and the evolution of whales. Deep. Sea Res. Part. II: Topical Stud. Oceanogr. 54, 2399\u20132421 (2007).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2007.07.024\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2007.07.024\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.dsr2.2007.07.024\" aria-label=\"Article reference 187\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2007.07.024\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 187\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Cenozoic%20cooling%2C%20Antarctic%20nutrient%20pump%2C%20and%20the%20evolution%20of%20whales&amp;journal=Deep.%20Sea%20Res.%20Part.%20II%3A%20Topical%20Stud.%20Oceanogr.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.dsr2.2007.07.024&amp;volume=54&amp;pages=2399-2421&amp;publication_year=2007&amp;author=Berger%2CWH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR188\">Marx, F. G. &amp; Uhen, M. D. Climate, critters, and cetaceans: Cenozoic drivers of the evolution of modern whales. Science 327, 993\u2013996 (2010).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/science.1185581\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/science.1185581\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fscience.1185581\" aria-label=\"Article reference 188\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/science.1185581\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXitVSjurg%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 188\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 188\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Climate%2C%20critters%2C%20and%20cetaceans%3A%20Cenozoic%20drivers%20of%20the%20evolution%20of%20modern%20whales&amp;journal=Science&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fscience.1185581&amp;volume=327&amp;pages=993-996&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Marx%2CFG&amp;author=Uhen%2CMD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR189\">Bianucci, G. et al. A new Late Miocene beaked whale (Cetacea, Odontoceti) from the Pisco Formation, and a revised age for the fossil Ziphiidae of Peru. Bolletino della Societa Paleontol. Ital. 63, 21\u201343 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 189\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20Late%20Miocene%20beaked%20whale%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Odontoceti%29%20from%20the%20Pisco%20Formation%2C%20and%20a%20revised%20age%20for%20the%20fossil%20Ziphiidae%20of%20Peru&amp;journal=Bolletino%20della%20Societa%20Paleontol.%20Ital.&amp;volume=63&amp;pages=21-43&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Bianucci%2CG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR190\">Lambert, O., De Muizon, C., Duhamel, G. &amp; van Der Plicht, J. Neogene and Quaternary fossil remains of beaked whales (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Ziphiidae) from deep-sea deposits off Crozet and Kerguelen islands, Southern Ocean. Geodiversitas 40, 135\u2013140 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.5252\/geodiversitas2018v40a6\" data-track-item_id=\"10.5252\/geodiversitas2018v40a6\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5252%2Fgeodiversitas2018v40a6\" aria-label=\"Article reference 190\" data-doi=\"10.5252\/geodiversitas2018v40a6\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 190\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Neogene%20and%20Quaternary%20fossil%20remains%20of%20beaked%20whales%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Odontoceti%2C%20Ziphiidae%29%20from%20deep-sea%20deposits%20off%20Crozet%20and%20Kerguelen%20islands%2C%20Southern%20Ocean&amp;journal=Geodiversitas&amp;doi=10.5252%2Fgeodiversitas2018v40a6&amp;volume=40&amp;pages=135-140&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Lambert%2CO&amp;author=Muizon%2CC&amp;author=Duhamel%2CG&amp;author=Plicht%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR191\">Ichishima, H., Augustin, A. H., Toyofuku, T. &amp; Kitazato, H. A new species of Africanacetus (Odontoceti: Ziphiidae) found on the deep ocean floor off the coast of Brazil. Deep. Sea Res. Part. II: Top. Stud. Oceanogr. 146, 68\u201381 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2016.12.002\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2016.12.002\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.dsr2.2016.12.002\" aria-label=\"Article reference 191\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.dsr2.2016.12.002\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 191\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20species%20of%20Africanacetus%20%28Odontoceti%3A%20Ziphiidae%29%20found%20on%20the%20deep%20ocean%20floor%20off%20the%20coast%20of%20Brazil&amp;journal=Deep.%20Sea%20Res.%20Part.%20II%3A%20Top.%20Stud.%20Oceanogr.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.dsr2.2016.12.002&amp;volume=146&amp;pages=68-81&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Ichishima%2CH&amp;author=Augustin%2CAH&amp;author=Toyofuku%2CT&amp;author=Kitazato%2CH\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR192\">Bianucci, G., Sielfeld, W., Olguin, N. A. &amp; Guzm\u00e1n, G. A new diminutive fossil ziphiid from the deep-sea floor off northern Chile and some remarks on the body size evolution and palaeobiogeography of the beaked whales. Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 68, 477\u2013491 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.4202\/app.01076.2023\" data-track-item_id=\"10.4202\/app.01076.2023\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4202%2Fapp.01076.2023\" aria-label=\"Article reference 192\" data-doi=\"10.4202\/app.01076.2023\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 192\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20diminutive%20fossil%20ziphiid%20from%20the%20deep-sea%20floor%20off%20northern%20Chile%20and%20some%20remarks%20on%20the%20body%20size%20evolution%20and%20palaeobiogeography%20of%20the%20beaked%20whales&amp;journal=Acta%20Palaeontol.%20Pol.&amp;doi=10.4202%2Fapp.01076.2023&amp;volume=68&amp;pages=477-491&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Bianucci%2CG&amp;author=Sielfeld%2CW&amp;author=Olguin%2CNA&amp;author=Guzm%C3%A1n%2CG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR193\">Lambert, O., Bosselaers, M. &amp; Louwye, S. Past beaked whale diversity in the North Sea: reappraisal through a new Miocene record and biostratigraphic analyses. Geologica Belgica 26, 117\u2013126 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.20341\/gb.2023.009\" data-track-item_id=\"10.20341\/gb.2023.009\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.20341%2Fgb.2023.009\" aria-label=\"Article reference 193\" data-doi=\"10.20341\/gb.2023.009\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 193\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Past%20beaked%20whale%20diversity%20in%20the%20North%20Sea%3A%20reappraisal%20through%20a%20new%20Miocene%20record%20and%20biostratigraphic%20analyses&amp;journal=Geologica%20Belgica&amp;doi=10.20341%2Fgb.2023.009&amp;volume=26&amp;pages=117-126&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Lambert%2CO&amp;author=Bosselaers%2CM&amp;author=Louwye%2CS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR194\">Rabosky, D. L. Automatic detection of key innovations, rate shifts, and diversity-dependence on phylogenetic trees. PLoS ONE 9, e89543 (2014).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089543\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089543\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0089543\" aria-label=\"Article reference 194\" data-doi=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0089543\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 194\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Automatic%20detection%20of%20key%20innovations%2C%20rate%20shifts%2C%20and%20diversity-dependence%20on%20phylogenetic%20trees&amp;journal=PLoS%20ONE&amp;doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0089543&amp;volume=9&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Rabosky%2CDL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR195\">Ochoa, D. et al. Late Neogene evolution of the Peruvian margin and its ecosystems: a synthesis from the Sacaco record. Int. J. Earth Sci. 110, 995\u20131025 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s00531-021-02003-1\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s00531-021-02003-1\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s00531-021-02003-1\" aria-label=\"Article reference 195\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s00531-021-02003-1\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3MXmtVWnsb8%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 195\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 195\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Late%20Neogene%20evolution%20of%20the%20Peruvian%20margin%20and%20its%20ecosystems%3A%20a%20synthesis%20from%20the%20Sacaco%20record&amp;journal=Int.%20J.%20Earth%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs00531-021-02003-1&amp;volume=110&amp;pages=995-1025&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Ochoa%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR196\">De Muizon, C. &amp; Domning, D. P. The anatomy of Odobenocetops(Delphinoidea, Mammalia), the walrus-like dolphin from the Pliocene of Peru and its palaeobiological implications. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 134, 423\u2013452 (2002).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1046\/j.1096-3642.2002.00015.x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1046\/j.1096-3642.2002.00015.x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046%2Fj.1096-3642.2002.00015.x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 196\" data-doi=\"10.1046\/j.1096-3642.2002.00015.x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 196\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20anatomy%20of%20Odobenocetops%28Delphinoidea%2C%20Mammalia%29%2C%20the%20walrus-like%20dolphin%20from%20the%20Pliocene%20of%20Peru%20and%20its%20palaeobiological%20implications&amp;journal=Zool.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1046%2Fj.1096-3642.2002.00015.x&amp;volume=134&amp;pages=423-452&amp;publication_year=2002&amp;author=Muizon%2CC&amp;author=Domning%2CDP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR197\">de Muizon, C., Domning, D. P. &amp; Ketten, D. R. Odobenocetops peruvianus, the walrus-convergent delphinoid (Mammalia: Cetacea) from the Early Pliocene of Peru. Smithson. Contrib. Paleobiol. 93, 223\u2013261 (2002).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.5479\/si.00810266.93.223\" data-track-item_id=\"10.5479\/si.00810266.93.223\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5479%2Fsi.00810266.93.223\" aria-label=\"Article reference 197\" data-doi=\"10.5479\/si.00810266.93.223\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 197\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Odobenocetops%20peruvianus%2C%20the%20walrus-convergent%20delphinoid%20%28Mammalia%3A%20Cetacea%29%20from%20the%20Early%20Pliocene%20of%20Peru&amp;journal=Smithson.%20Contrib.%20Paleobiol.&amp;doi=10.5479%2Fsi.00810266.93.223&amp;volume=93&amp;pages=223-261&amp;publication_year=2002&amp;author=Muizon%2CC&amp;author=Domning%2CDP&amp;author=Ketten%2CDR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR198\">de Muizon, C. Walrus-like feeding adaptation in a new cetacean from the Pliocene of Peru. Nature 365, 745\u2013748 (1993).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/365745a0\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/365745a0\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2F365745a0\" aria-label=\"Article reference 198\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/365745a0\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 198\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Walrus-like%20feeding%20adaptation%20in%20a%20new%20cetacean%20from%20the%20Pliocene%20of%20Peru&amp;journal=Nature&amp;doi=10.1038%2F365745a0&amp;volume=365&amp;pages=745-748&amp;publication_year=1993&amp;author=Muizon%2CC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR199\">Bianucci, G., Geisler, J. H., Citron, S. &amp; Collareta, A. The origins of the killer whale ecomorph. Curr. Biol. 32, 1843\u20131851 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2022.02.041\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2022.02.041\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2022.02.041\" aria-label=\"Article reference 199\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2022.02.041\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB38XmtFyksr0%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 199\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 199\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20origins%20of%20the%20killer%20whale%20ecomorph&amp;journal=Curr.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cub.2022.02.041&amp;volume=32&amp;pages=1843-1851&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Bianucci%2CG&amp;author=Geisler%2CJH&amp;author=Citron%2CS&amp;author=Collareta%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR200\">Colpaert, W., Bosselaers, M. &amp; Lambert, O. Out of the Pacific: a second fossil porpoise from the pliocene of the North Sea basin. Acta Palaeontol. Pol. 60, 1\u201310 (2014).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 200\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Out%20of%20the%20Pacific%3A%20a%20second%20fossil%20porpoise%20from%20the%20pliocene%20of%20the%20North%20Sea%20basin&amp;journal=Acta%20Palaeontol.%20Pol.&amp;volume=60&amp;pages=1-10&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Colpaert%2CW&amp;author=Bosselaers%2CM&amp;author=Lambert%2CO\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR201\">Barnes, L. G. Fossil Odontocetes (Mammalia: Cetacea) from the Almejas Formation, Isla Cedros, Mexico (Univ. California, Museum of Paleontology, 1984).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR202\">V\u00e9lez-Juarbe, J. &amp; Pyenson, N. D. Bohaskaia monodontoides, a new monodontid (Cetacea, Odontoceti, Delphinoidea) from the Pliocene of the western North Atlantic Ocean. J. Vertebr. Paleontol. 32, 476\u2013484 (2012).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/02724634.2012.641705\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/02724634.2012.641705\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F02724634.2012.641705\" aria-label=\"Article reference 202\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/02724634.2012.641705\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 202\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Bohaskaia%20monodontoides%2C%20a%20new%20monodontid%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Odontoceti%2C%20Delphinoidea%29%20from%20the%20Pliocene%20of%20the%20western%20North%20Atlantic%20Ocean&amp;journal=J.%20Vertebr.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F02724634.2012.641705&amp;volume=32&amp;pages=476-484&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=V%C3%A9lez-Juarbe%2CJ&amp;author=Pyenson%2CND\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR203\">Bianucci, G., Pesci, F., Collareta, A. &amp; Tinelli, C. A new Monodontidae (Cetacea, Delphinoidea) from the lower Pliocene of Italy supports a warm-water origin for narwhals and white whales. J. Vertebr. Paleontol. 39, e1645148 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/02724634.2019.1645148\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/02724634.2019.1645148\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F02724634.2019.1645148\" aria-label=\"Article reference 203\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/02724634.2019.1645148\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 203\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20new%20Monodontidae%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Delphinoidea%29%20from%20the%20lower%20Pliocene%20of%20Italy%20supports%20a%20warm-water%20origin%20for%20narwhals%20and%20white%20whales&amp;journal=J.%20Vertebr.%20Paleontol.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F02724634.2019.1645148&amp;volume=39&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Bianucci%2CG&amp;author=Pesci%2CF&amp;author=Collareta%2CA&amp;author=Tinelli%2CC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR204\">Ichishima, H., Furusawa, H., Tachibana, M. &amp; Kimura, M. First monodontid cetacean (Odontoceti, Delphinoidea) from the early Pliocene of the north-western Pacific Ocean. Pap. Palaeontol. 5, 323\u2013342 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/spp2.1244\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1002\/spp2.1244\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2Fspp2.1244\" aria-label=\"Article reference 204\" data-doi=\"10.1002\/spp2.1244\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 204\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=First%20monodontid%20cetacean%20%28Odontoceti%2C%20Delphinoidea%29%20from%20the%20early%20Pliocene%20of%20the%20north-western%20Pacific%20Ocean&amp;journal=Pap.%20Palaeontol.&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fspp2.1244&amp;volume=5&amp;pages=323-342&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Ichishima%2CH&amp;author=Furusawa%2CH&amp;author=Tachibana%2CM&amp;author=Kimura%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR205\">El Adli, J. J., Dem\u00e9r\u00e9, T. A. &amp; Boessenecker, R. W. Herpetocetus morrowi (Cetacea: Mysticeti), a new species of diminutive baleen whale from the Upper Pliocene (Piacenzian) of California, USA, with observations on the evolution and relationships of the Cetotheriidae. Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 170, 400\u2013466 (2014).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/zoj.12108\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/zoj.12108\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fzoj.12108\" aria-label=\"Article reference 205\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/zoj.12108\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 205\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Herpetocetus%20morrowi%20%28Cetacea%3A%20Mysticeti%29%2C%20a%20new%20species%20of%20diminutive%20baleen%20whale%20from%20the%20Upper%20Pliocene%20%28Piacenzian%29%20of%20California%2C%20USA%2C%20with%20observations%20on%20the%20evolution%20and%20relationships%20of%20the%20Cetotheriidae&amp;journal=Zool.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fzoj.12108&amp;volume=170&amp;pages=400-466&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=El%20Adli%2CJJ&amp;author=Dem%C3%A9r%C3%A9%2CTA&amp;author=Boessenecker%2CRW\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR206\">Bisconti, M., Pellegrino, L. &amp; Carnevale, G. The chronology of mysticete diversification (Mammalia, Cetacea, Mysticeti): body size, morphological evolution and global change. Earth Sci. Rev. 239, 104373 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2023.104373\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2023.104373\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.earscirev.2023.104373\" aria-label=\"Article reference 206\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.earscirev.2023.104373\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 206\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20chronology%20of%20mysticete%20diversification%20%28Mammalia%2C%20Cetacea%2C%20Mysticeti%29%3A%20body%20size%2C%20morphological%20evolution%20and%20global%20change&amp;journal=Earth%20Sci.%20Rev.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.earscirev.2023.104373&amp;volume=239&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Bisconti%2CM&amp;author=Pellegrino%2CL&amp;author=Carnevale%2CG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR207\">de Lavigerie, G. D. et al. New Pliocene right whale from Belgium informs balaenid phylogeny and function. J. Syst. Palaeontol. 18, 1141\u20131166 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/14772019.2020.1746422\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/14772019.2020.1746422\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F14772019.2020.1746422\" aria-label=\"Article reference 207\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/14772019.2020.1746422\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 207\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=New%20Pliocene%20right%20whale%20from%20Belgium%20informs%20balaenid%20phylogeny%20and%20function&amp;journal=J.%20Syst.%20Palaeontol.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F14772019.2020.1746422&amp;volume=18&amp;pages=1141-1166&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Lavigerie%2CGD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR208\">Pimiento, C. et al. The Pliocene marine megafauna extinction and its impact on functional diversity. Nat. Ecol. Evol. 1, 1100\u20131106 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41559-017-0223-6\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41559-017-0223-6\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41559-017-0223-6\" aria-label=\"Article reference 208\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41559-017-0223-6\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 208\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20Pliocene%20marine%20megafauna%20extinction%20and%20its%20impact%20on%20functional%20diversity&amp;journal=Nat.%20Ecol.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41559-017-0223-6&amp;volume=1&amp;pages=1100-1106&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Pimiento%2CC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR209\">Boessenecker, R. W. Pleistocene survival of an archaic dwarf baleen whale (Mysticeti: Cetotheriidae). Naturwissenschaften 100, 365\u2013371 (2013).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s00114-013-1037-2\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s00114-013-1037-2\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s00114-013-1037-2\" aria-label=\"Article reference 209\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s00114-013-1037-2\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXltl2mt7c%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 209\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 209\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Pleistocene%20survival%20of%20an%20archaic%20dwarf%20baleen%20whale%20%28Mysticeti%3A%20Cetotheriidae%29&amp;journal=Naturwissenschaften&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs00114-013-1037-2&amp;volume=100&amp;pages=365-371&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Boessenecker%2CRW\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR210\">Galatius, A. Paedomorphosis in two small species of toothed whales (Odontoceti): how and why? Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 99, 278\u2013295 (2010).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.2009.01357.x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.2009.01357.x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1095-8312.2009.01357.x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 210\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/j.1095-8312.2009.01357.x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 210\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Paedomorphosis%20in%20two%20small%20species%20of%20toothed%20whales%20%28Odontoceti%29%3A%20how%20and%20why%3F&amp;journal=Biol.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fj.1095-8312.2009.01357.x&amp;volume=99&amp;pages=278-295&amp;publication_year=2010&amp;author=Galatius%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR211\">Slater, G. J., Goldbogen, J. A. &amp; Pyenson, N. D. Independent evolution of baleen whale gigantism linked to Plio-Pleistocene ocean dynamics. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 284, 20170546 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rspb.2017.0546\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rspb.2017.0546\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frspb.2017.0546\" aria-label=\"Article reference 211\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rspb.2017.0546\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 211\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Independent%20evolution%20of%20baleen%20whale%20gigantism%20linked%20to%20Plio-Pleistocene%20ocean%20dynamics&amp;journal=Proc.%20R.%20Soc.%20B%20Biol.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frspb.2017.0546&amp;volume=284&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Slater%2CGJ&amp;author=Goldbogen%2CJA&amp;author=Pyenson%2CND\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR212\">Bianucci, G. et al. Rise of the titans: baleen whales became giants earlier than thought. Biol. Lett. 15, 20190175 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2019.0175\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2019.0175\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frsbl.2019.0175\" aria-label=\"Article reference 212\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2019.0175\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 212\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Rise%20of%20the%20titans%3A%20baleen%20whales%20became%20giants%20earlier%20than%20thought&amp;journal=Biol.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frsbl.2019.0175&amp;volume=15&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Bianucci%2CG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR213\">Rule, J. P. et al. Giant baleen whales emerged from a cold southern cradle. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 290, 20232177 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rspb.2023.2177\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rspb.2023.2177\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frspb.2023.2177\" aria-label=\"Article reference 213\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rspb.2023.2177\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 213\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Giant%20baleen%20whales%20emerged%20from%20a%20cold%20southern%20cradle&amp;journal=Proc.%20R.%20Soc.%20B%20Biol.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frspb.2023.2177&amp;volume=290&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Rule%2CJP\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR214\">Viglino, M., Gaet\u00e1n, M., Buono, M. R., Fordyce, R. E. &amp; Park, T. Hearing from the ocean and into the river: the evolution of the inner ear of Platanistoidea (Cetacea: Odontoceti). Paleobiology 47, 591\u2013611 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/pab.2021.11\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/pab.2021.11\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2Fpab.2021.11\" aria-label=\"Article reference 214\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/pab.2021.11\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 214\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Hearing%20from%20the%20ocean%20and%20into%20the%20river%3A%20the%20evolution%20of%20the%20inner%20ear%20of%20Platanistoidea%20%28Cetacea%3A%20Odontoceti%29&amp;journal=Paleobiology&amp;doi=10.1017%2Fpab.2021.11&amp;volume=47&amp;pages=591-611&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Viglino%2CM&amp;author=Gaet%C3%A1n%2CM&amp;author=Buono%2CMR&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE&amp;author=Park%2CT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR215\">Braulik, G. T. et al. Taxonomic revision of the South Asian River dolphins (Platanista): Indus and Ganges River dolphins are separate species. Mar. Mammal. Sci. 37, 1022\u20131059 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/mms.12801\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/mms.12801\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fmms.12801\" aria-label=\"Article reference 215\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/mms.12801\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 215\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Taxonomic%20revision%20of%20the%20South%20Asian%20River%20dolphins%20%28Platanista%29%3A%20Indus%20and%20Ganges%20River%20dolphins%20are%20separate%20species&amp;journal=Mar.%20Mammal.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fmms.12801&amp;volume=37&amp;pages=1022-1059&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Braulik%2CGT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR216\">Dutoit, L. et al. Convergent evolution of skim feeding in baleen whales. Mar. Mammal. Sci. 39, 1337\u20131343 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/mms.13047\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/mms.13047\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fmms.13047\" aria-label=\"Article reference 216\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/mms.13047\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 216\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Convergent%20evolution%20of%20skim%20feeding%20in%20baleen%20whales&amp;journal=Mar.%20Mammal.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fmms.13047&amp;volume=39&amp;pages=1337-1343&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Dutoit%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR217\">Fordyce, R. E. &amp; Marx, F. G. The pygmy right whale Caperea marginata: the last of the cetotheres. Proc. R. Soc. B Biol. Sci. 280, 20122645 (2013).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rspb.2012.2645\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rspb.2012.2645\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frspb.2012.2645\" aria-label=\"Article reference 217\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rspb.2012.2645\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 217\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20pygmy%20right%20whale%20Caperea%20marginata%3A%20the%20last%20of%20the%20cetotheres&amp;journal=Proc.%20R.%20Soc.%20B%20Biol.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frspb.2012.2645&amp;volume=280&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE&amp;author=Marx%2CFG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR218\">Marx, F. G., Buono, M. R., Fordyce, R. E. &amp; Boessenecker, R. W. Juvenile morphology: a clue to the origins of the most mysterious of mysticetes? Naturwissenschaften 100, 257\u2013261 (2013).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s00114-013-1012-y\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s00114-013-1012-y\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s00114-013-1012-y\" aria-label=\"Article reference 218\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s00114-013-1012-y\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3sXjsFGmt7w%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 218\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 218\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Juvenile%20morphology%3A%20a%20clue%20to%20the%20origins%20of%20the%20most%20mysterious%20of%20mysticetes%3F&amp;journal=Naturwissenschaften&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs00114-013-1012-y&amp;volume=100&amp;pages=257-261&amp;publication_year=2013&amp;author=Marx%2CFG&amp;author=Buono%2CMR&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE&amp;author=Boessenecker%2CRW\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR219\">Marx, F. G. &amp; Fordyce, R. E. A link no longer missing: new evidence for the cetotheriid affinities of Caperea. PLoS ONE 11, e0164059 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164059\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164059\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0164059\" aria-label=\"Article reference 219\" data-doi=\"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164059\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 219\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20link%20no%20longer%20missing%3A%20new%20evidence%20for%20the%20cetotheriid%20affinities%20of%20Caperea&amp;journal=PLoS%20ONE&amp;doi=10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0164059&amp;volume=11&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Marx%2CFG&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR220\">Wolf, M. et al. The genome of the pygmy right whale illuminates the evolution of rorquals. BMC Biol. 21, 79 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1186\/s12915-023-01579-1\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1186\/s12915-023-01579-1\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1186\/s12915-023-01579-1\" aria-label=\"Article reference 220\" data-doi=\"10.1186\/s12915-023-01579-1\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 220\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20genome%20of%20the%20pygmy%20right%20whale%20illuminates%20the%20evolution%20of%20rorquals&amp;journal=BMC%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs12915-023-01579-1&amp;volume=21&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Wolf%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR221\">Park, T., Marx, F. G., Fitzgerald, E. M. &amp; Evans, A. R. The cochlea of the enigmatic pygmy right whale Caperea marginata informs mysticete phylogeny. J. Morphol. 278, 801\u2013809 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/jmor.20674\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1002\/jmor.20674\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002%2Fjmor.20674\" aria-label=\"Article reference 221\" data-doi=\"10.1002\/jmor.20674\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 221\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20cochlea%20of%20the%20enigmatic%20pygmy%20right%20whale%20Caperea%20marginata%20informs%20mysticete%20phylogeny&amp;journal=J.%20Morphol.&amp;doi=10.1002%2Fjmor.20674&amp;volume=278&amp;pages=801-809&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Park%2CT&amp;author=Marx%2CFG&amp;author=Fitzgerald%2CEM&amp;author=Evans%2CAR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR222\">Bisconti, M. Comparative osteology and phylogenetic relationships of Miocaperea pulchra, the first fossil pygmy right whale genus and species (Cetacea, Mysticeti, Neobalaenidae). Zool. J. Linn. Soc. 166, 876\u2013911 (2012).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2012.00862.x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2012.00862.x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2012.00862.x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 222\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/j.1096-3642.2012.00862.x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 222\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Comparative%20osteology%20and%20phylogenetic%20relationships%20of%20Miocaperea%20pulchra%2C%20the%20first%20fossil%20pygmy%20right%20whale%20genus%20and%20species%20%28Cetacea%2C%20Mysticeti%2C%20Neobalaenidae%29&amp;journal=Zool.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fj.1096-3642.2012.00862.x&amp;volume=166&amp;pages=876-911&amp;publication_year=2012&amp;author=Bisconti%2CM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR223\">Bisconti, M. &amp; Carnevale, G. Skeletal transformations and the origin of baleen whales (Mammalia, Cetacea, Mysticeti): a study on evolutionary patterns. Diversity 14, 221 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.3390\/d14030221\" data-track-item_id=\"10.3390\/d14030221\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390%2Fd14030221\" aria-label=\"Article reference 223\" data-doi=\"10.3390\/d14030221\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 223\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Skeletal%20transformations%20and%20the%20origin%20of%20baleen%20whales%20%28Mammalia%2C%20Cetacea%2C%20Mysticeti%29%3A%20a%20study%20on%20evolutionary%20patterns&amp;journal=Diversity&amp;doi=10.3390%2Fd14030221&amp;volume=14&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Bisconti%2CM&amp;author=Carnevale%2CG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR224\">\u00c1rnason, \u00da, Lammers, F., Kumar, V., Nilsson, M. A. &amp; Janke, A. Whole-genome sequencing of the blue whale and other rorquals finds signatures for introgressive gene flow. Sci. Adv. 4, eaap9873 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/sciadv.aap9873\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/sciadv.aap9873\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fsciadv.aap9873\" aria-label=\"Article reference 224\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/sciadv.aap9873\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 224\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Whole-genome%20sequencing%20of%20the%20blue%20whale%20and%20other%20rorquals%20finds%20signatures%20for%20introgressive%20gene%20flow&amp;journal=Sci.%20Adv.&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fsciadv.aap9873&amp;volume=4&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=%C3%81rnason%2C%C3%9A&amp;author=Lammers%2CF&amp;author=Kumar%2CV&amp;author=Nilsson%2CMA&amp;author=Janke%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR225\">Lo, B.-W. et al. Genome-wide demographic analyses of balaenid whales revealed complex history of gene flow associated with past climate oscillation. Genome Biol. Evolution 17, evaf081 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/gbe\/evaf081\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/gbe\/evaf081\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fgbe%2Fevaf081\" aria-label=\"Article reference 225\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/gbe\/evaf081\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB2MXhvVWmtLbP\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 225\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 225\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Genome-wide%20demographic%20analyses%20of%20balaenid%20whales%20revealed%20complex%20history%20of%20gene%20flow%20associated%20with%20past%20climate%20oscillation&amp;journal=Genome%20Biol.%20Evolution&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fgbe%2Fevaf081&amp;volume=17&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Lo%2CB-W\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR226\">Moura, A. E. et al. Phylogenomics of the genus Tursiops\u00a0and closely related Delphininae reveals extensive reticulation among lineages and provides inference about eco-evolutionary drivers. Mol. Phylogen. Evol. 146, 106756 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.ympev.2020.106756\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.ympev.2020.106756\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2020.106756\" aria-label=\"Article reference 226\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.ympev.2020.106756\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 226\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Phylogenomics%20of%20the%20genus%20Tursiops%C2%A0and%20closely%20related%20Delphininae%20reveals%20extensive%20reticulation%20among%20lineages%20and%20provides%20inference%20about%20eco-evolutionary%20drivers&amp;journal=Mol.%20Phylogen.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.ympev.2020.106756&amp;volume=146&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Moura%2CAE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR227\">Tsai, C.-H. et al. Northern pygmy right whales highlight Quaternary marine mammal interchange. Curr. Biol. 27, R1058\u2013R1059 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.08.056\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.08.056\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2017.08.056\" aria-label=\"Article reference 227\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.08.056\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXhs1art7nK\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 227\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 227\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Northern%20pygmy%20right%20whales%20highlight%20Quaternary%20marine%20mammal%20interchange&amp;journal=Curr.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cub.2017.08.056&amp;volume=27&amp;pages=R1058-R1059&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Tsai%2CC-H\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR228\">Davies, J. L. The antitropical factor in Cetacean speciation. Evolution 17, 107\u2013116 (1963).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1963.tb03258.x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1963.tb03258.x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1558-5646.1963.tb03258.x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 228\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/j.1558-5646.1963.tb03258.x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 228\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20antitropical%20factor%20in%20Cetacean%20speciation&amp;journal=Evolution&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fj.1558-5646.1963.tb03258.x&amp;volume=17&amp;pages=107-116&amp;publication_year=1963&amp;author=Davies%2CJL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR229\">Lindberg, D. R. Marine biotic interchange between the northern and southern hemispheres. Paleobiology 17, 308\u2013324 (1991).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/S0094837300010629\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/S0094837300010629\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2FS0094837300010629\" aria-label=\"Article reference 229\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/S0094837300010629\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 229\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Marine%20biotic%20interchange%20between%20the%20northern%20and%20southern%20hemispheres&amp;journal=Paleobiology&amp;doi=10.1017%2FS0094837300010629&amp;volume=17&amp;pages=308-324&amp;publication_year=1991&amp;author=Lindberg%2CDR\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR230\">Barnes, L. G. Evolution, taxonomy and antitropical distributions of the porpoises (Phocoenidae, Mammalia). Mar. Mammal. Sci. 1, 149\u2013165 (1985).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/j.1748-7692.1985.tb00003.x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/j.1748-7692.1985.tb00003.x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fj.1748-7692.1985.tb00003.x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 230\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/j.1748-7692.1985.tb00003.x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 230\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Evolution%2C%20taxonomy%20and%20antitropical%20distributions%20of%20the%20porpoises%20%28Phocoenidae%2C%20Mammalia%29&amp;journal=Mar.%20Mammal.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fj.1748-7692.1985.tb00003.x&amp;volume=1&amp;pages=149-165&amp;publication_year=1985&amp;author=Barnes%2CLG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR231\">Dalebout, M. L., Steel, D. &amp; Baker, C. S. Phylogeny of the beaked whale genus Mesoplodon\u00a0(Ziphiidae: Cetacea) revealed by nuclear introns: implications for the evolution of male tusks. Syst. Biol. 57, 857\u2013875 (2008).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/10635150802559257\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/10635150802559257\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F10635150802559257\" aria-label=\"Article reference 231\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/10635150802559257\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3cXis1WntL8%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 231\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 231\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Phylogeny%20of%20the%20beaked%20whale%20genus%20Mesoplodon%C2%A0%28Ziphiidae%3A%20Cetacea%29%20revealed%20by%20nuclear%20introns%3A%20implications%20for%20the%20evolution%20of%20male%20tusks&amp;journal=Syst.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F10635150802559257&amp;volume=57&amp;pages=857-875&amp;publication_year=2008&amp;author=Dalebout%2CML&amp;author=Steel%2CD&amp;author=Baker%2CCS\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR232\">do Amaral, K. B., Amaral, A. R., Ewan Fordyce, R. &amp; Moreno, I. B. Historical biogeography of Delphininae dolphins and related taxa (Artiodactyla: Delphinidae). J. Mamm. Evol. 25, 241\u2013259 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1007\/s10914-016-9376-3\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1007\/s10914-016-9376-3\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1007\/s10914-016-9376-3\" aria-label=\"Article reference 232\" data-doi=\"10.1007\/s10914-016-9376-3\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 232\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Historical%20biogeography%20of%20Delphininae%20dolphins%20and%20related%20taxa%20%28Artiodactyla%3A%20Delphinidae%29&amp;journal=J.%20Mamm.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1007%2Fs10914-016-9376-3&amp;volume=25&amp;pages=241-259&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Amaral%2CKB&amp;author=Amaral%2CAR&amp;author=Ewan%20Fordyce%2CR&amp;author=Moreno%2CIB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR233\">Rosenbaum, H. C. et al. World-wide genetic differentiation of Eubalaena: questioning the number of right whale species. Mol. Ecol. 9, 1793\u20131802 (2000).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1046\/j.1365-294x.2000.01066.x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1046\/j.1365-294x.2000.01066.x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1046%2Fj.1365-294x.2000.01066.x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 233\" data-doi=\"10.1046\/j.1365-294x.2000.01066.x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BD3cXos1ymtLo%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 233\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 233\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=World-wide%20genetic%20differentiation%20of%20Eubalaena%3A%20questioning%20the%20number%20of%20right%20whale%20species&amp;journal=Mol.%20Ecol.&amp;doi=10.1046%2Fj.1365-294x.2000.01066.x&amp;volume=9&amp;pages=1793-1802&amp;publication_year=2000&amp;author=Rosenbaum%2CHC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR234\">Tsai, C.-H. &amp; Chang, C.-H. A right whale (Mysticeti, Balaenidae) from the Pleistocene of Taiwan. Zool. Lett. 5, 37 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1186\/s40851-019-0153-z\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1186\/s40851-019-0153-z\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1186\/s40851-019-0153-z\" aria-label=\"Article reference 234\" data-doi=\"10.1186\/s40851-019-0153-z\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 234\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=A%20right%20whale%20%28Mysticeti%2C%20Balaenidae%29%20from%20the%20Pleistocene%20of%20Taiwan&amp;journal=Zool.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs40851-019-0153-z&amp;volume=5&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Tsai%2CC-H&amp;author=Chang%2CC-H\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR235\">Lambert, O. et al. Earliest mysticete from the Late Eocene of Peru sheds new light on the origin of baleen whales. Curr. Biol. 27, 1535\u20131541 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.04.026\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.04.026\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.cub.2017.04.026\" aria-label=\"Article reference 235\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.cub.2017.04.026\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC2sXns1yht7c%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 235\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 235\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Earliest%20mysticete%20from%20the%20Late%20Eocene%20of%20Peru%20sheds%20new%20light%20on%20the%20origin%20of%20baleen%20whales&amp;journal=Curr.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.cub.2017.04.026&amp;volume=27&amp;pages=1535-1541&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Lambert%2CO\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR236\">Hauffe, T., Cantalapiedra, J. L. &amp; Silvestro, D. Trait-mediated speciation and human-driven extinctions in proboscideans revealed by unsupervised Bayesian neural networks. Sci. Adv. 10, eadl2643 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/sciadv.adl2643\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/sciadv.adl2643\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fsciadv.adl2643\" aria-label=\"Article reference 236\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/sciadv.adl2643\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 236\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Trait-mediated%20speciation%20and%20human-driven%20extinctions%20in%20proboscideans%20revealed%20by%20unsupervised%20Bayesian%20neural%20networks&amp;journal=Sci.%20Adv.&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fsciadv.adl2643&amp;volume=10&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Hauffe%2CT&amp;author=Cantalapiedra%2CJL&amp;author=Silvestro%2CD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR237\">Bennion, R. F. et al. Convergence and constraint in the cranial evolution of mosasaurid reptiles and early cetaceans. Paleobiology 49, 215\u2013231 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/pab.2022.27\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/pab.2022.27\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2Fpab.2022.27\" aria-label=\"Article reference 237\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/pab.2022.27\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 237\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Convergence%20and%20constraint%20in%20the%20cranial%20evolution%20of%20mosasaurid%20reptiles%20and%20early%20cetaceans&amp;journal=Paleobiology&amp;doi=10.1017%2Fpab.2022.27&amp;volume=49&amp;pages=215-231&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Bennion%2CRF\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR238\">Coombs, E. J., Clavel, J., Park, T., Churchill, M. &amp; Goswami, A. Wonky whales: the evolution of cranial asymmetry in cetaceans. BMC Biol. 18, 86 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1186\/s12915-020-00805-4\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1186\/s12915-020-00805-4\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1186\/s12915-020-00805-4\" aria-label=\"Article reference 238\" data-doi=\"10.1186\/s12915-020-00805-4\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 238\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Wonky%20whales%3A%20the%20evolution%20of%20cranial%20asymmetry%20in%20cetaceans&amp;journal=BMC%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs12915-020-00805-4&amp;volume=18&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Coombs%2CEJ&amp;author=Clavel%2CJ&amp;author=Park%2CT&amp;author=Churchill%2CM&amp;author=Goswami%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR239\">Park, T. et al. Functional trade-offs and innovation shape the adaptive landscape of aquatic mammal feeding. iScience 29, 114338 (2026).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.114338\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.114338\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.isci.2025.114338\" aria-label=\"Article reference 239\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.isci.2025.114338\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 239\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Functional%20trade-offs%20and%20innovation%20shape%20the%20adaptive%20landscape%20of%20aquatic%20mammal%20feeding&amp;journal=iScience&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.isci.2025.114338&amp;volume=29&amp;publication_year=2026&amp;author=Park%2CT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR240\">Martin, J. E. et al. Calcium isotopes correlate with baleen whale feeding ecology. Mar. Mammal. Sci. 42, e70079 (2026).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/mms.70079\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/mms.70079\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fmms.70079\" aria-label=\"Article reference 240\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/mms.70079\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB2MXjtFKjtLfO\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 240\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 240\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Calcium%20isotopes%20correlate%20with%20baleen%20whale%20feeding%20ecology&amp;journal=Mar.%20Mammal.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fmms.70079&amp;volume=42&amp;publication_year=2026&amp;author=Martin%2CJE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR241\">Thomas, D. B. et al. Constructing a multiple-part morphospace using a multiblock method. Methods Ecol. Evol. 14, 65\u201376 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/2041-210X.13781\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/2041-210X.13781\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2F2041-210X.13781\" aria-label=\"Article reference 241\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/2041-210X.13781\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 241\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Constructing%20a%20multiple-part%20morphospace%20using%20a%20multiblock%20method&amp;journal=Methods%20Ecol.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1111%2F2041-210X.13781&amp;volume=14&amp;pages=65-76&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Thomas%2CDB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR242\">Buono, M. R. &amp; Vlachos, E. Breaking the mold: telescoping drives the evolution of more integrated and heterogeneous skulls in cetaceans. PeerJ 10, e13392 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.7717\/peerj.13392\" data-track-item_id=\"10.7717\/peerj.13392\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717%2Fpeerj.13392\" aria-label=\"Article reference 242\" data-doi=\"10.7717\/peerj.13392\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 242\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Breaking%20the%20mold%3A%20telescoping%20drives%20the%20evolution%20of%20more%20integrated%20and%20heterogeneous%20skulls%20in%20cetaceans&amp;journal=PeerJ&amp;doi=10.7717%2Fpeerj.13392&amp;volume=10&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Buono%2CMR&amp;author=Vlachos%2CE\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR243\">Andr\u00e9oletti, J. et al. The occurrence birth\u2013death process for combined-evidence analysis in macroevolution and epidemiology. Syst. Biol. 71, 1440\u20131452 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/sysbio\/syac037\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/sysbio\/syac037\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fsysbio%2Fsyac037\" aria-label=\"Article reference 243\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/sysbio\/syac037\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 243\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20occurrence%20birth%E2%80%93death%20process%20for%20combined-evidence%20analysis%20in%20macroevolution%20and%20epidemiology&amp;journal=Syst.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fsysbio%2Fsyac037&amp;volume=71&amp;pages=1440-1452&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Andr%C3%A9oletti%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR244\">van der Meer, D. G. et al. Long-term Phanerozoic global mean sea level: insights from strontium isotope variations and estimates of continental glaciation. Gondwana Res. 111, 103\u2013121 (2022).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.gr.2022.07.014\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.gr.2022.07.014\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.gr.2022.07.014\" aria-label=\"Article reference 244\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.gr.2022.07.014\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 244\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Long-term%20Phanerozoic%20global%20mean%20sea%20level%3A%20insights%20from%20strontium%20isotope%20variations%20and%20estimates%20of%20continental%20glaciation&amp;journal=Gondwana%20Res.&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.gr.2022.07.014&amp;volume=111&amp;pages=103-121&amp;publication_year=2022&amp;author=Meer%2CDG\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR245\">Rabosky, D. L. et al. BAMMtools: an R package for the analysis of evolutionary dynamics on phylogenetic trees. Methods Ecol. Evol. 5, 701\u2013707 (2014).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/2041-210X.12199\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/2041-210X.12199\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2F2041-210X.12199\" aria-label=\"Article reference 245\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/2041-210X.12199\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 245\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=BAMMtools%3A%20an%20R%20package%20for%20the%20analysis%20of%20evolutionary%20dynamics%20on%20phylogenetic%20trees&amp;journal=Methods%20Ecol.%20Evol.&amp;doi=10.1111%2F2041-210X.12199&amp;volume=5&amp;pages=701-707&amp;publication_year=2014&amp;author=Rabosky%2CDL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR246\">Morlon, H., Parsons, T. L. &amp; Plotkin, J. B. Reconciling molecular phylogenies with the fossil record. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 108, 16327\u201316332 (2011).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1073\/pnas.1102543108\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1073\/pnas.1102543108\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1073%2Fpnas.1102543108\" aria-label=\"Article reference 246\" data-doi=\"10.1073\/pnas.1102543108\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BC3MXht1KmtbzJ\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 246\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 246\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Reconciling%20molecular%20phylogenies%20with%20the%20fossil%20record&amp;journal=Proc.%20Natl%20Acad.%20Sci.%20USA&amp;doi=10.1073%2Fpnas.1102543108&amp;volume=108&amp;pages=16327-16332&amp;publication_year=2011&amp;author=Morlon%2CH&amp;author=Parsons%2CTL&amp;author=Plotkin%2CJB\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR247\">Galatius, A., Racicot, R., McGowen, M. &amp; Olsen, M. T. Evolution and diversification of delphinid skull shapes. iScience 23, 101543 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1016\/j.isci.2020.101543\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1016\/j.isci.2020.101543\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016%2Fj.isci.2020.101543\" aria-label=\"Article reference 247\" data-doi=\"10.1016\/j.isci.2020.101543\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 247\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Evolution%20and%20diversification%20of%20delphinid%20skull%20shapes&amp;journal=iScience&amp;doi=10.1016%2Fj.isci.2020.101543&amp;volume=23&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Galatius%2CA&amp;author=Racicot%2CR&amp;author=McGowen%2CM&amp;author=Olsen%2CMT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR248\">Lanzetti, A., Portela-Miguez, R., Fernandez, V. &amp; Goswami, A. Testing heterochrony: connecting skull shape ontogeny and evolution of feeding adaptations in baleen whales. Evolution Dev. 25, 257\u2013273 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/ede.12447\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/ede.12447\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fede.12447\" aria-label=\"Article reference 248\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/ede.12447\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 248\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Testing%20heterochrony%3A%20connecting%20skull%20shape%20ontogeny%20and%20evolution%20of%20feeding%20adaptations%20in%20baleen%20whales&amp;journal=Evolution%20Dev.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fede.12447&amp;volume=25&amp;pages=257-273&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Lanzetti%2CA&amp;author=Portela-Miguez%2CR&amp;author=Fernandez%2CV&amp;author=Goswami%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR249\">Racicot, R. A. et al. Variation in whale (Cetacea) inner ear anatomy reveals the early evolution of \u201cspecialized\u201d high-frequency hearing sensitivity. J. Anat. 246, 363\u2013375 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/joa.14176\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/joa.14176\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fjoa.14176\" aria-label=\"Article reference 249\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/joa.14176\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 249\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Variation%20in%20whale%20%28Cetacea%29%20inner%20ear%20anatomy%20reveals%20the%20early%20evolution%20of%20%E2%80%9Cspecialized%E2%80%9D%20high-frequency%20hearing%20sensitivity&amp;journal=J.%20Anat.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fjoa.14176&amp;volume=246&amp;pages=363-375&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Racicot%2CRA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR250\">Galatius, A. et al. Raising your voice: evolution of narrow-band high-frequency signals in toothed whales (Odontoceti). Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 126, 213\u2013224 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/biolinnean\/bly194\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/biolinnean\/bly194\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fbiolinnean%2Fbly194\" aria-label=\"Article reference 250\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/biolinnean\/bly194\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 250\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Raising%20your%20voice%3A%20evolution%20of%20narrow-band%20high-frequency%20signals%20in%20toothed%20whales%20%28Odontoceti%29&amp;journal=Biol.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fbiolinnean%2Fbly194&amp;volume=126&amp;pages=213-224&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Galatius%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR251\">Lanzetti, A., Crouch, N., Portela Miguez, R., Fernandez, V. &amp; Goswami, A. Developing echolocation: distinctive patterns in the ontogeny of the tympanoperiotic complex in baleen and toothed whales (Cetacea). Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 135, 394\u2013406 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1093\/biolinnean\/blab160\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1093\/biolinnean\/blab160\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093%2Fbiolinnean%2Fblab160\" aria-label=\"Article reference 251\" data-doi=\"10.1093\/biolinnean\/blab160\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 251\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Developing%20echolocation%3A%20distinctive%20patterns%20in%20the%20ontogeny%20of%20the%20tympanoperiotic%20complex%20in%20baleen%20and%20toothed%20whales%20%28Cetacea%29&amp;journal=Biol.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1093%2Fbiolinnean%2Fblab160&amp;volume=135&amp;pages=394-406&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Lanzetti%2CA&amp;author=Crouch%2CN&amp;author=Portela%20Miguez%2CR&amp;author=Fernandez%2CV&amp;author=Goswami%2CA\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR252\">Lambert, O. et al. First eurhinodelphinid dolphin from the Paratethys reveals a new family of specialised echolocators. Hist. Biol. 35, 1074\u20131091 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1080\/08912963.2022.2077645\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1080\/08912963.2022.2077645\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080%2F08912963.2022.2077645\" aria-label=\"Article reference 252\" data-doi=\"10.1080\/08912963.2022.2077645\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 252\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=First%20eurhinodelphinid%20dolphin%20from%20the%20Paratethys%20reveals%20a%20new%20family%20of%20specialised%20echolocators&amp;journal=Hist.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1080%2F08912963.2022.2077645&amp;volume=35&amp;pages=1074-1091&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Lambert%2CO\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR253\">Park, T., Mennecart, B., Costeur, L., Groh\u00e9, C. &amp; Cooper, N. Convergent evolution in toothed whale cochleae. BMC Evolut. Biol. 19, 195 (2019).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"noopener nofollow\" data-track-label=\"10.1186\/s12862-019-1525-x\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1186\/s12862-019-1525-x\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/link.springer.com\/doi\/10.1186\/s12862-019-1525-x\" aria-label=\"Article reference 253\" data-doi=\"10.1186\/s12862-019-1525-x\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 253\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Convergent%20evolution%20in%20toothed%20whale%20cochleae&amp;journal=BMC%20Evolut.%20Biol.&amp;doi=10.1186%2Fs12862-019-1525-x&amp;volume=19&amp;publication_year=2019&amp;author=Park%2CT&amp;author=Mennecart%2CB&amp;author=Costeur%2CL&amp;author=Groh%C3%A9%2CC&amp;author=Cooper%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR254\">Costeur, L. et al. The bony labyrinth of toothed whales reflects both phylogeny and habitat preferences. Sci. Rep. 8, 7841 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41598-018-26094-0\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41598-018-26094-0\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41598-018-26094-0\" aria-label=\"Article reference 254\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41598-018-26094-0\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 254\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20bony%20labyrinth%20of%20toothed%20whales%20reflects%20both%20phylogeny%20and%20habitat%20preferences&amp;journal=Sci.%20Rep.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41598-018-26094-0&amp;volume=8&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Costeur%2CL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR255\">Sanks, J. &amp; Racicot, R. Predicting ecology and hearing sensitivities in Parapontoporia\u2014an extinct long-snouted dolphin. Anat. Rec. <a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ar.25538\" data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"external reference\" data-track-value=\"external reference\" data-track-label=\"10.1002\/ar.25538\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" target=\"_blank\">https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/ar.25538<\/a> (2026).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR256\">Martins, M. C. I., Park, T., Racicot, R. &amp; Cooper, N. Intraspecific variation in the cochleae of harbour porpoises (Phocoena phocoena) and its implications for comparative studies across odontocetes. PeerJ 8, e8916 (2020).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.7717\/peerj.8916\" data-track-item_id=\"10.7717\/peerj.8916\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717%2Fpeerj.8916\" aria-label=\"Article reference 256\" data-doi=\"10.7717\/peerj.8916\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 256\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Intraspecific%20variation%20in%20the%20cochleae%20of%20harbour%20porpoises%20%28Phocoena%20phocoena%29%20and%20its%20implications%20for%20comparative%20studies%20across%20odontocetes&amp;journal=PeerJ&amp;doi=10.7717%2Fpeerj.8916&amp;volume=8&amp;publication_year=2020&amp;author=Martins%2CMCI&amp;author=Park%2CT&amp;author=Racicot%2CR&amp;author=Cooper%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR257\">Racicot, R. A., Gearty, W., Kohno, N. &amp; Flynn, J. J. Comparative anatomy of the bony labyrinth of extant and extinct porpoises (Cetacea: Phocoenidae). Biol. J. Linn. Soc. 119, 831\u2013846 (2016).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/bij.12857\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/bij.12857\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fbij.12857\" aria-label=\"Article reference 257\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/bij.12857\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 257\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Comparative%20anatomy%20of%20the%20bony%20labyrinth%20of%20extant%20and%20extinct%20porpoises%20%28Cetacea%3A%20Phocoenidae%29&amp;journal=Biol.%20J.%20Linn.%20Soc.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fbij.12857&amp;volume=119&amp;pages=831-846&amp;publication_year=2016&amp;author=Racicot%2CRA&amp;author=Gearty%2CW&amp;author=Kohno%2CN&amp;author=Flynn%2CJJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR258\">Racicot, R. A., Darroch, S. A. F. &amp; Kohno, N. Neuroanatomy and inner ear labyrinths of the narwhal, Monodon monoceros, and beluga, Delphinapterus leucas (Cetacea: Monodontidae). J. Anat. 233, 421\u2013439 (2018).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1111\/joa.12862\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1111\/joa.12862\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111%2Fjoa.12862\" aria-label=\"Article reference 258\" data-doi=\"10.1111\/joa.12862\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 258\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Neuroanatomy%20and%20inner%20ear%20labyrinths%20of%20the%20narwhal%2C%20Monodon%20monoceros%2C%20and%20beluga%2C%20Delphinapterus%20leucas%20%28Cetacea%3A%20Monodontidae%29&amp;journal=J.%20Anat.&amp;doi=10.1111%2Fjoa.12862&amp;volume=233&amp;pages=421-439&amp;publication_year=2018&amp;author=Racicot%2CRA&amp;author=Darroch%2CSAF&amp;author=Kohno%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR259\">Park, T., Ekdale, E. G., Racicot, R. A. &amp; Marx, F. G. in Convergent Evolution: Animal Form and Function (eds Bels, V. L. &amp; Russell, A. P.) 65\u201378 (Springer International, 2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR260\">Viglino, M. &amp; Park, T. River dolphin cochlea has not evolved convergently. Biol. Lett. 21, 20250035 (2025).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2025.0035\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2025.0035\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frsbl.2025.0035\" aria-label=\"Article reference 260\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rsbl.2025.0035\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 260\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=River%20dolphin%20cochlea%20has%20not%20evolved%20convergently&amp;journal=Biol.%20Lett.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frsbl.2025.0035&amp;volume=21&amp;publication_year=2025&amp;author=Viglino%2CM&amp;author=Park%2CT\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR261\">Uhen, M. D. et al. Paleobiology database user guide version 1.0. PaleoBios 40, 1\u201356 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.5070\/P9401160531\" data-track-item_id=\"10.5070\/P9401160531\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5070%2FP9401160531\" aria-label=\"Article reference 261\" data-doi=\"10.5070\/P9401160531\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 261\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Paleobiology%20database%20user%20guide%20version%201.0&amp;journal=PaleoBios&amp;doi=10.5070%2FP9401160531&amp;volume=40&amp;pages=1-56&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Uhen%2CMD\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR262\">Fish, F. E. in Convergent Evolution: Animal Form and Function (eds Bels, V. L. &amp; Russell, A. P.) 477\u2013522 (Springer International, 2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR263\">Motani, R. &amp; Shimada, K. Skeletal convergence in thunniform sharks, ichthyosaurs, whales, and tunas, and its possible ecological links through the marine ecosystem evolution. Sci. Rep. 13, 16664 (2023).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1038\/s41598-023-41812-z\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1038\/s41598-023-41812-z\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038%2Fs41598-023-41812-z\" aria-label=\"Article reference 263\" data-doi=\"10.1038\/s41598-023-41812-z\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB3sXitVygtbnF\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 263\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 263\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Skeletal%20convergence%20in%20thunniform%20sharks%2C%20ichthyosaurs%2C%20whales%2C%20and%20tunas%2C%20and%20its%20possible%20ecological%20links%20through%20the%20marine%20ecosystem%20evolution&amp;journal=Sci.%20Rep.&amp;doi=10.1038%2Fs41598-023-41812-z&amp;volume=13&amp;publication_year=2023&amp;author=Motani%2CR&amp;author=Shimada%2CK\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR264\">Sander, P. M. et al. Early giant reveals faster evolution of large body size in ichthyosaurs than in cetaceans. Science 374, eabf5787 (2021).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1126\/science.abf5787\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1126\/science.abf5787\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1126%2Fscience.abf5787\" aria-label=\"Article reference 264\" data-doi=\"10.1126\/science.abf5787\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:CAS:528:DC%2BB38Xhs1Krtbw%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 264\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 264\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Early%20giant%20reveals%20faster%20evolution%20of%20large%20body%20size%20in%20ichthyosaurs%20than%20in%20cetaceans&amp;journal=Science&amp;doi=10.1126%2Fscience.abf5787&amp;volume=374&amp;publication_year=2021&amp;author=Sander%2CPM\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR265\">Pimiento, C. et al. The extinct marine megafauna of the Phanerozoic. Camb. Prisms: Extinction 2, e7 (2024).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 265\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=The%20extinct%20marine%20megafauna%20of%20the%20Phanerozoic&amp;journal=Camb.%20Prisms%3A%20Extinction&amp;volume=2&amp;publication_year=2024&amp;author=Pimiento%2CC\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR266\">Page, C. E. &amp; Cooper, N. Morphological convergence in \u2018river dolphin\u2019 skulls. PeerJ 5, e4090 (2017).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.7717\/peerj.4090\" data-track-item_id=\"10.7717\/peerj.4090\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.7717%2Fpeerj.4090\" aria-label=\"Article reference 266\" data-doi=\"10.7717\/peerj.4090\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 266\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Morphological%20convergence%20in%20%E2%80%98river%20dolphin%E2%80%99%20skulls&amp;journal=PeerJ&amp;doi=10.7717%2Fpeerj.4090&amp;volume=5&amp;publication_year=2017&amp;author=Page%2CCE&amp;author=Cooper%2CN\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR267\">Hamilton, H., Caballero, S., Collins, A. G. &amp; Brownell, R. L. Jr. Evolution of river dolphins. Proc. R. Soc. London. Ser. B Biol. Sci. 268, 549\u2013556 (2001).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1385\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1385\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1098%2Frspb.2000.1385\" aria-label=\"Article reference 267\" data-doi=\"10.1098\/rspb.2000.1385\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" data-track-value=\"cas reference\" data-track-action=\"cas reference\" href=\"https:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/cas-redirect\/1:STN:280:DC%2BD3MzmvVKnsA%3D%3D\" aria-label=\"CAS reference 267\" target=\"_blank\">CAS<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 267\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Evolution%20of%20river%20dolphins&amp;journal=Proc.%20R.%20Soc.%20London.%20Ser.%20B%20Biol.%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1098%2Frspb.2000.1385&amp;volume=268&amp;pages=549-556&amp;publication_year=2001&amp;author=Hamilton%2CH&amp;author=Caballero%2CS&amp;author=Collins%2CAG&amp;author=Brownell%2CRL\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__text\" id=\"ref-CR268\">Fordyce, R. E., Quilty, P. G. &amp; Daniels, J. Australodelphis mirus, a bizarre new toothless ziphiid-like fossil dolphin (Cetacea: Delphinidae) from the Pliocene of Vestfold Hills, East Antarctica. Antarctic Sci. 14, 37\u201354 (2002).<\/p>\n<p class=\"c-article-references__links u-hide-print\"><a data-track=\"click_references\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" data-track-label=\"10.1017\/S0954102002000561\" data-track-item_id=\"10.1017\/S0954102002000561\" data-track-value=\"article reference\" data-track-action=\"article reference\" href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017%2FS0954102002000561\" aria-label=\"Article reference 268\" data-doi=\"10.1017\/S0954102002000561\" target=\"_blank\">Article<\/a>\u00a0<br \/>\n    <a data-track=\"click_references\" data-track-action=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-value=\"google scholar reference\" data-track-label=\"link\" data-track-item_id=\"link\" rel=\"nofollow noopener\" aria-label=\"Google Scholar reference 268\" href=\"http:\/\/scholar.google.com\/scholar_lookup?&amp;title=Australodelphis%20mirus%2C%20a%20bizarre%20new%20toothless%20ziphiid-like%20fossil%20dolphin%20%28Cetacea%3A%20Delphinidae%29%20from%20the%20Pliocene%20of%20Vestfold%20Hills%2C%20East%20Antarctica&amp;journal=Antarctic%20Sci.&amp;doi=10.1017%2FS0954102002000561&amp;volume=14&amp;pages=37-54&amp;publication_year=2002&amp;author=Fordyce%2CRE&amp;author=Quilty%2CPG&amp;author=Daniels%2CJ\" target=\"_blank\"><br \/>\n                    Google Scholar<\/a>\u00a0\n                <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Thewissen, J. &amp; Bajpai, S. Whale origins as a poster child for macroevolution. BioScience 51, 1037\u20131049 (2001). Article\u00a0&hellip;\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":762271,"comment_status":"","ping_status":"","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[6470,2351,85039,192,257,18666,19351,85038,56493,79],"class_list":["post-762270","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","category-science","tag-biodiversity","tag-ecology","tag-ecosystems","tag-environment","tag-general","tag-life-sciences","tag-macroecology","tag-nature-conservation","tag-palaeontology","tag-science"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/762270","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=762270"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/762270\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/762271"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=762270"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=762270"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.newsbeep.com\/us\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=762270"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}