Thousands of Los Angeles County homeowners faced a persistent problem long after the devastating wildfires in January 2025: Although their homes were left standing, they had been infiltrated by heavy, toxic smoke and ash, and remained unsafe.<\/p>\n
Residents were forced into lengthy battles with their insurance companies to prove contamination and get help paying for the cleanup and additional living expenses.<\/p>\n
Backed by wildfire survivors and advocates in Altadena, California Gov. Gavin Newsom on Tuesday announced he had signed legislation to create first-in-the-nation standards<\/a> to test and remediate homes damaged by wildfire smoke, and to require insurance companies to pay for the associated costs.<\/p>\n \u201cCalifornia will not leave survivors to navigate recovery alone,\u201d Newsom said. \u201cThese new protections will make insurer obligations clearer and give homeowners more financial flexibility when they need it most. As fire seasons across the West become a year-round reality, California\u2019s commitment to recovery must be just as enduring.\u201d<\/p>\n The January 2025 Eaton and Palisades fires were two of the deadliest and most destructive in state history. Together, they burned more<\/a> than 16,000 structures and killed 31 people. <\/p>\n Assemblymember John Harabedian (D-Pasadena) authored Assembly Bill 1642<\/a> after hearing repeatedly from constituents concerned that the fires had left layers of ash contaminated with asbestos, lead and toxic materials in and around their homes. <\/p>\n The now-signed bill directs the state to create scientific standards for what constitutes a safe home and provide guidance on how to properly remediate residences.<\/p>\n Twenty months after Jane Lawton Potelle sat in a friend\u2019s garage<\/a> \u2014 already suffering from a cough and chest pain as her Altadena home stood contaminated with toxic smoke \u2014 she stood alongside Newsom as he signed the bill, which was championed by her advocacy group, Eaton Fire Residents United<\/a>.<\/p>\n \u201cEarly days, we were told we were the lucky ones,\u201d said Potelle, who founded EFRU as her neighbors shared concerning test results on Facebook \u2014 all while government agencies and insurers offered conflicting guidance and little support.<\/p>\n \u201cTo have this bill signed is acknowledgment that just because your home is left standing and looks fine, doesn\u2019t mean that it\u2019s actually safe to return,\u201d she said.<\/p>\n The data EFRU collected in the months after the fire showed the vast majority of homes tested had lead levels beyond what the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency considers acceptable. With no clear guidance, haphazard and improvised efforts by companies to clean the homes left 6 in 10 residences still unsafe<\/a>.<\/p>\n A companion bill signed by the governor, AB 1795<\/a>, was born out of a California Department of Insurance task force and requires insurers to abide by the AB 1642 standards in the insurance claims process and to do so in a timely manner.<\/p>\n If these laws had been in place when the Eaton fire broke out, \u201cwe\u2019d all be home by now,\u201d Potelle said.<\/p>\n Potelle\u2019s home \u2014 like many others\u2019 \u2014 remains contaminated as disputes with her insurance company drag on. Her Christmas tree, from 2024, is still up.<\/p>\n \u201cGoing forward, the question of whether a family can safely return home should be answered by science, not by an insurance company\u2019s guesswork,\u201d Harabedian said in a statement. \u201cFamilies should not have to fight for the testing they need or be left trying to figure out on their own whether their homes are safe.\u201d<\/p>\n More than 13,000 insurance claims filed after the fires involved homes that were damaged by smoke, not flames, according to an estimate from the state Department of Insurance. <\/p>\n Insurance companies\u2019 treatment of survivors with smoke-damaged homes after the 2025 L.A. County fires has resulted in multiple lawsuits.<\/p>\n In June 2025, a Los Angeles County judge ruled the FAIR Plan \u2014 California\u2019s home insurer of last resort \u2014 violated the law<\/a> by requiring policyholders to show the property suffered \u201cpermanent physical changes.\u201d Even after the ruling, the insurer continued to deny<\/a> smoke damage claims.<\/p>\n