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Marc Breton, PhD, co-authored a paper examining the future of automated insulin delivery systems.<\/p>\n
Automated insulin delivery (AID) systems such as the UVA Health-developed artificial pancreas could help more type 1 diabetes patients if the devices become fully automated, according to a new review of the technology.<\/p>\n
Even as the artificial pancreas and other AID systems have helped millions of people with type 1 diabetes better manage their blood sugar and improve their overall health, there are still limitations to overcome, according to the review from University of Virginia Center for Diabetes Technology scientists and their colleagues. These limitations include:<\/p>\n
AID systems are not yet fully automated; users must input their meals and exercise to avoid dangerous spikes or drops in blood-sugar levels.<\/p>\n
The systems work best overnight, when there are no meals or exercise.<\/p>\n
AID systems are not yet usable by all patients with type 1 diabetes, including women who are pregnant and older adults.<\/p>\n
\u201cThese automated insulin delivery devices have significantly helped people with type 1 diabetes manage their blood sugars and yet challenges still remain \u2013 people still need to remember to give insulin for meals as well as carbohydrate counts,\u201d said Sue A. Brown, MD, an endocrinologist and researcher at the UVA Center for Diabetes Technology who co-authored the paper, \u201cThese newer approaches can help alleviate those requirements and we are hopeful that we can make insulin management even easier for people with type 1 diabetes.\u201d<\/p>\n
Treatment Advances on the Horizon<\/p>\n
A key goal, the researchers write, is to fully automate AID systems \u2013 also known as full closed-loop systems \u2013 so the devices require less or no interaction. In pursuit of this, UVA Center for Diabetes researchers are conducting home-based clinical trials testing a system that merges artificial intelligence and advanced model-based algorithms to deliver insulin around meals independently of any user-machine interactions.\u00a0<\/p>\n
Researchers at other institutions are developing artificial intelligence approaches that automatically detect meals and deliver corresponding insulin doses. Researchers are also testing full closed-loop systems that deliver both insulin and glucagon, which is used to treat low blood sugar.<\/p>\n
\u201cWhile AID has revolutionized diabetes care, most patients using insulin do not yet have access to such technology. Simplifying the use of these systems will greatly improve access,\u201d said Marc Breton, PhD, associate professor of research at the UVA Center for Diabetes Technology and co-author of the paper. \u201cUVA is at the forefront of another revolution: the use of artificial intelligence and data science at the very core of medical devices. Over the next couple of years, we will deploy adaptive, personalized and fully automated AID systems based on artificial neural networks and further enable safe, private, and efficacious management of this ever-growing condition.\u201d<\/p>\n
Celebrating Advances in Diabetes Care<\/p>\n
The paper is part of a collection of research articles on automated insulin delivery and UVA\u2019s artificial pancreas co-edited by Boris Kovatchev, PhD, director of the Center for Diabetes Technology, to commemorate the 75th anniversary of the National Institute of Health\u2019s National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK).<\/p>\n
\u201cThe translation of artificial pancreas technology was one of the most important NIDDK achievements in the past 20 years. The institute\u2019s support was critical for this development, which now benefits hundreds of thousands of people with type 1 diabetes,\u201d Kovatchev said. \u2018The UVA Center for Diabetes Technology played a central role in this progress as evidenced by the acknowledgement of the center in the\u00a02021-2025 NIDDK Strategic Plan.<\/a>\u00a0It is therefore logical that several UVA faculty were invited authors of the NIDDK\u2019s 75th anniversary collection, including Marc Breton, Sue Brown, Chiara Fabris, Linda Gonder-Frederick, Mark DeBoer and Daniel Cher\u00f1avvsky.\u201d<\/p>\n Findings Published<\/p>\n Breton, Brown and their collaborators have simultaneously published their paper in the journals Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics and the Journal of Diabetes Science and Technology. The research team consisted of\u00a0Peter G. Jacobs,\u00a0Carol J. Levy,\u00a0Brown,\u00a0Michael C. Riddell,\u00a0Ali Cinar,\u00a0Charlotte K. Boughton,\u00a0Breton,\u00a0Eyal Dassau,\u00a0Greg Forlenza,\u00a0Robert J. Henderson,\u00a0Roman Hovorka,\u00a0David M. Maahs,\u00a0Medha Munshi,\u00a0Helen Murphy,\u00a0Sarit Polsky,\u00a0Richard Pratley,\u00a0Melissa S. Putman,\u00a0Viral N. Shah,\u00a0Leah M. Wilson,\u00a0Howard Zisser\u00a0and\u00a0Laya Ekhlaspour.<\/p>\n