A drug taken by thousands of Americans to improve longevity might have an unexpected side effect, a study has found. It may blunt some of the health benefits of exercise.

The drug, rapamycin, is approved by the Food and Drug Administration to prevent organ-transplant rejection in people. But recent studies in yeast, flies and mice showed that relatively low doses of the drug often increase the creatures’ lifespans, prompting many longevity enthusiasts to start using it off-label to extend their lifespans.