Three minutes of intense exercise may have more beneficial impacts on our physiology and health than 90 minutes of more moderate exertion.

That idea could sound far-fetched. But in a groundbreaking new study published in August in Cell Reports Medicine, scientists found that the blood of people who completed three minutes’ worth of all-out exercise — in 30-second bursts over the course of 23 minutes — teemed afterward with far more molecules associated with health improvements than the blood of people who rode bikes relatively moderately for an hour and a half.