My young adult son developed a cold sore for the first time last month. He used an OTC ointment to clear it. I’ve heard that applying a slice of raw garlic to the cold sore in the early stages (which sounds painful) can be just as effective. Is this true, or is this an old wives’ tale?

Cold sores are caused by the herpes simplex virus (HSV-1). HSV-1 is typically contracted in early childhood, with an estimated 90% of all adults being exposed to the virus at some point in their lives.

Applying raw garlic to the cold sore is not something that I would recommend. It can burn the skin, particularly the sensitive areas around the lips and nose, where cold sores typically appear.

If your son is looking for a natural topical solution, I would suggest applying propolis tincture at the first sign of a tingle. Propolis is made by bees from plant resins, gums, and sticky buds, and has been shown in some studies to heal lesions faster than topical Acyclovir, along with reducing the likelihood of additional infection.

Check out the local Cork business Hanna’s Bees for all manner of bee products, including propolis tincture at €14.50 for 20ml (it will last an age). It is a good idea to also take propolis orally for a two-pronged approach to healing.

Zinc is thought to be important in inhibiting the herpes simplex virus, and is also a key mineral in supporting immune function.

Cold sores often appear when we are feeling run-down or recovering from an illness. Common triggers include sun exposure, food sensitivities and allergies, medication interactions, or hormonal changes such as menstruation.

The herpes virus also requires the amino acid arginine for replication. Some practitioners advise reducing the intake of arginine-rich foods, such as chocolate, nuts, oats, carob, coconut, and soybeans.

Lysine, an amino acid found in foods such as vegetables, legumes, fish, and dairy products, may help reduce the frequency or severity of outbreaks in some people.

I picked up conjunctivitis in my right eye a week ago, but it is slow to heal. I’ve been using cooled boiled water to bathe the eye and remove any discharge, but it doesn’t seem to be making a difference. What would you suggest?

I appreciate that it can be frustrating that the infection is not clearing as quickly as you would like.

Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pinkeye, is a bacterial or viral infection that affects the conjunctiva — the transparent membrane covering and protecting the white of the eye.

It is usually caused by bacterial or viral infection, although seasonal pollen, pollution, cigarette smoke, and pet dander can trigger a bout of conjunctivitis.

The herbs eyebright, goldenseal, and raspberry leaf are excellent for treating conjunctivitis. They are highly valued for their antiviral benefits and immune-supportive properties, which means that they can also be used to help prevent infection or re-infection.

You can use one or all three of these herbs as a homemade eye wash, as well as taking them internally as a herbal infusion. If you don’t have an eye cup for bathing the eye, then simply soak a cotton wool ball in the strained infusion and apply it to the eye, using a fresh cotton ball for each eye and discarding it afterwards to prevent cross-contamination.

Other natural remedies for healing conjunctivitis include vitamins A and D. These two fat-soluble vitamins not only help to ensure that the eyes are well lubricated and protect against conjunctivitis, but they will also help to manage and clear the infection by supporting your immune function.

Note: Always be mindful of touching your eyes after touching animals. If you have pets at home, it is a good idea to get into the habit of washing your hands after you pat or cuddle them.